A new approach to the creation of aluminum matrix composites with improved mechanical properties due to the directional control of the surface composition and the structural organization of the dispersed phase
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This project considers following scientific problems to be solved while creating a new generation of metal(Al)hybrid nanocomposite materials with improved mechanical properties:
1.The problem of structural organization of material is the problem of fundamental materials science.In fact,when solving the problem of creating new highly organized solid compounds and materials based on them,it is necessary to choose and implement a certain type of structural organization,and not just to solve the problem of the synthesis method.
2.Physical mesomechanics of nonlinear multilevel hierarchically organized systems is a key problem of plastic deformation and destruction of solids.From the point of view of physical mesomechanics,chemical construction of nanostructured materials,it will allow to obtain new objects with multilevel organization,which is necessary for a more correct experimental and theoretical approach to the study of structural transformation at the nanoscale level.
3.Development of a method for obtaining a metallic(aluminum-based)composite with directional control of mechanical properties.Studies aimed at creating metal matrix composites are relevant not only for the production of new composites,but also because of the achievement of the limit of the possibility of radically improving the performance properties of pure alloys.
4.Development of models to describe the mechanical properties,as well as the their deformation and destruction processes and prediction of the properties of synthesized materials
The authors of the project propose one of the solutions to the problem-to obtain a new generation of metallic composites based on the nanoscale structuring of the metal matrix,due to three-dimensional(3D)structuring of the matrix nanofibers SiC,TiC and nanoparticles(nanodiamonds).
Main tasks:
1.To develop a scientific approach to obtain metal matrix composites with improved and adjustable mechanical properties relative to the parent metals and alloys.
2.To study the process of material formation in terms of microstructure,especially the transition layer metal/ceramic.The implementation of the project will give a new understanding about the transition layer structure and formation,as well as the nature of the chemical interaction at the metal-ceramic interface.The approach proposed by our research group to the production of metal matrix composites using ceramic-metal particles will allow us to develop a universal sequence of synthetic steps for the introduction of reinforcing ceramic nanoparticles into the metal matrix.
3.To develop a modeling method for prediction of the mechanical properties of materials depending on the synthesis conditions.The results of the analysis of the metal matrix composites structure will serve as data for the construction of a rheological deformation model and fracture model,taking into account nanoscale inclusions in the metal matrix bulk,their interaction with the matrix and the effect on their grain structure(the effect of crushing grain to the nanoscale state).
4.To obtain a metal-based composite(aluminum alloy)doped with nanoparticle powder(metal/ceramics)with improved mechanical properties on the basis of experimental data generalization and mechanical properties verification.
5.Develop laboratory regulations for the production of metal hybrid composites with two or more reinforcing modifiers,with improved mechanical properties.
6.To develop the scientific basis for creating a composite material by SLM(selective laser melting)technology using on aluminum alloy powder reinforced with carbide core-shell nanoparticles.
An important feature of the obtained material is the absence of obvious boundaries between the metal matrix and the reinforcing element and ensuring the components binding into a single whole.The approach developed in this work avoids the lack of uniaxial fibrous metal composites-the presence of a sharp anisotropy of physical properties,which is absent in composites with bulk reinforcement.
The approach proposed by our research group to the production of metal matrix composites using ceramic-metal particles will allow us to develop a universal synthetic sequence used to introduce reinforcing ceramic nanoparticles into the metal matrix.The project will give us a new understanding of the relationship between the structure and properties of metal matrix composites,will identify the most important factors affecting the functional-mechanical-properties of metal matrix composites.
Notably,the models construction for deformation and fracture of metal matrix composites will allow to predict the effective properties of the created materials taking into account the nanoscale inclusions of the dispersed phase.On the basis of these models we will predict mechanical properties of composites.
Due to the innovative nature of the created nanocomposites with improved properties,we can expect their widespread use for aviation,autobuilding,shipbuilding,fuel and energy complex,tool industry,mining,nuclear energy and social sphere.
The development of new scientific approaches to the synthesis of composites will allow to obtain a new MMC series with a density close to pure aluminum,which is critically important in aerospace engineering.
The results of this work will also give a practical contribution to the development of materials science by creating the possibility of describing the mechanical properties of composites,which can be used in automatic design systems of structural elements.
Expected results:The development of new composite materials with improved functional properties is the important task of modern materials science.
Notably,the problem associated with physical mesomechanics of multi-level structured heterogeneous and functional materials is a milestone of plastic deformation and fracture of solids.It is important to note the interdisciplinary approach to solving this problem.
Expected scientific results of project are:
1.To develop a scientific approach to obtaining metal matrix composites(MMC)adjustable mechanical properties that are improved relative to the initial metals and alloys.
2.To study the process of material formation in terms of microstructure,especially the transition layer metal/ceramic.
3.To develop a modeling method for prediction of the mechanical properties of materials depending on the synthetic conditions.The MMC structure will serve as source data for the construction of a rheological model of deformation and fracture model,taking into account nanometer inclusions in the metal matrix volume,their interaction with the matrix and the effect on their grain structure(the effect of grain crushing to the nanoscale state).
4.To obtain a composite material based on metal(aluminum alloy)doped with nanoparticle powder(metal/ceramics)with improved mechanical properties on the basis of generalization of experimental data and verification of mechanical properties.
5.Develop laboratory regulations for the production of improved metal hybrid composites with two or more reinforcing modifiers.
6.To develop the scientific basis for the creation of a composite material using selective laser melting(SLM)technology based on Al alloy powder reinforced with carbide core-shell nanoparticles.
The approach proposed by our research group to the MMC production using ceramic-metal particles will allow us to develop a universal sequence of synthetic steps for the introduction of reinforcing ceramic nanoparticles into the metal matrix.The project will give us a new understanding of the structure and properties relationship for metal matrix composites,and also will identify the most important factors affecting the MMC functional-mechanical properties.
Note that the construction of deformation and fracture models of metal matrix composites will allow to predict the effective properties of the created materials taking into account the nanoscale inclusions of the dispersed phase.The developed computer model will take into account macro-,micro-and nano-levels of the material.On the basis of these models,the prediction of composite mechanical properties will be carried out.
Created nanostructured composites with improved properties are innovative.Therefore,we can expect their large demand for aviation,auto,ship building,fuel and energy complex,tool industry,mining,nuclear energy and social sphere.The relevance of technologies for the production of details from aluminum composites in the automotive industry is confirmed,for example,by their use for the manufacture of pistons of diesel engines(Toyota),cylindrical inserts(Honda Prelude),driving shaft(General Motors),rear brake discs(Plymouth Prowler,Lotus Elise,and Volkswagen Lupo).
The development of new scientific approaches to the synthesis of composites will allow to obtain a new MMC group with a density close to pure aluminum,which is critically important in aerospace engineering.Dispersion-filled alumina MMCs are characterized by increased values of specific strength and stiffness while maintaining high damping capacity,electrical and thermal conductivity and low specific gravity,which provides a reduction in the mass of products while increasing reliability and service life.
Our results will give also a practical contribution to the materials science development by creating the possibility of describing the composites mechanical properties,which can be used in automatic design systems of structural elements.
The planned work corresponds to the world level in the field of materials science of nanostructured materials and it is a pioneering work in the field of hybrid composites with two or more reinforcing nanomodifiers.
Further prospects for commercialization of our research and development can be estimated as high.
1.The most significant economic effect is expected from the potentially possible production of highly reliable SiC-aluminum nanostructures with improved operational properties(structural and mechanical ones)that are not achievable in other synthesis methods.The developed aluminum alloy-based metal composite should provide friction units of mechanisms operating in extreme conditions for aerospace technology.
2.The created nanostructured aluminum-based composite should ensure stable operation at 3000C.
3.The developed synthesis can be applied to create other technological cycles and improve existing technologies(for example,to fabricate nickel alloys).Due to the innovative nature of nanostructured composites with improved properties,we can expect their wide use for aviation,auto,ship building,fuel and energy complex,tool industry,mining,nuclear energy and social sphere.
4.The materials and technologies obtained within this project should serve as a basis for the creation of modern promising equipment that allows to increase the reliability and resource of structural elements and equipment of mechanical engineering during operation.
This project considers following scientific problems to be solved while creating a new generation of metal(Al)hybrid nanocomposite materials with improved mechanical properties:
1.The problem of structural organization of material is the problem of fundamental materials science.In fact,when solving the problem of creating new highly organized solid compounds and materials based on them,it is necessary to choose and implement a certain type of structural organization,and not just to solve the problem of the synthesis method.
2.Physical mesomechanics of nonlinear multilevel hierarchically organized systems is a key problem of plastic deformation and destruction of solids.From the point of view of physical mesomechanics,chemical construction of nanostructured materials,it will allow to obtain new objects with multilevel organization,which is necessary for a more correct experimental and theoretical approach to the study of structural transformation at the nanoscale level.
3.Development of a method for obtaining a metallic(aluminum-based)composite with directional control of mechanical properties.Studies aimed at creating metal matrix composites are relevant not only for the production of new composites,but also because of the achievement of the limit of the possibility of radically improving the performance properties of pure alloys.
4.Development of models to describe the mechanical properties,as well as the their deformation and destruction processes and prediction of the properties of synthesized materials
The authors of the project propose one of the solutions to the problem-to obtain a new generation of metallic composites based on the nanoscale structuring of the metal matrix,due to three-dimensional(3D)structuring of the matrix nanofibers SiC,TiC and nanoparticles(nanodiamonds).
Main tasks:
1.To develop a scientific approach to obtain metal matrix composites with improved and adjustable mechanical properties relative to the parent metals and alloys.
2.To study the process of material formation in terms of microstructure,especially the transition layer metal/ceramic.The implementation of the project will give a new understanding about the transition layer structure and formation,as well as the nature of the chemical interaction at the metal-ceramic interface.The approach proposed by our research group to the production of metal matrix composites using ceramic-metal particles will allow us to develop a universal sequence of synthetic steps for the introduction of reinforcing ceramic nanoparticles into the metal matrix.
3.To develop a modeling method for prediction of the mechanical properties of materials depending on the synthesis conditions.The results of the analysis of the metal matrix composites structure will serve as data for the construction of a rheological deformation model and fracture model,taking into account nanoscale inclusions in the metal matrix bulk,their interaction with the matrix and the effect on their grain structure(the effect of crushing grain to the nanoscale state).
4.To obtain a metal-based composite(aluminum alloy)doped with nanoparticle powder(metal/ceramics)with improved mechanical properties on the basis of experimental data generalization and mechanical properties verification.
5.Develop laboratory regulations for the production of metal hybrid composites with two or more reinforcing modifiers,with improved mechanical properties.
6.To develop the scientific basis for creating a composite material by SLM(selective laser melting)technology using on aluminum alloy powder reinforced with carbide core-shell nanoparticles.
An important feature of the obtained material is the absence of obvious boundaries between the metal matrix and the reinforcing element and ensuring the components binding into a single whole.The approach developed in this work avoids the lack of uniaxial fibrous metal composites-the presence of a sharp anisotropy of physical properties,which is absent in composites with bulk reinforcement.
The approach proposed by our research group to the production of metal matrix composites using ceramic-metal particles will allow us to develop a universal synthetic sequence used to introduce reinforcing ceramic nanoparticles into the metal matrix.The project will give us a new understanding of the relationship between the structure and properties of metal matrix composites,will identify the most important factors affecting the functional-mechanical-properties of metal matrix composites.
Notably,the models construction for deformation and fracture of metal matrix composites will allow to predict the effective properties of the created materials taking into account the nanoscale inclusions of the dispersed phase.On the basis of these models we will predict mechanical properties of composites.
Due to the innovative nature of the created nanocomposites with improved properties,we can expect their widespread use for aviation,autobuilding,shipbuilding,fuel and energy complex,tool industry,mining,nuclear energy and social sphere.
The development of new scientific approaches to the synthesis of composites will allow to obtain a new MMC series with a density close to pure aluminum,which is critically important in aerospace engineering.
The results of this work will also give a practical contribution to the development of materials science by creating the possibility of describing the mechanical properties of composites,which can be used in automatic design systems of structural elements.
Expected results:The development of new composite materials with improved functional properties is the important task of modern materials science.
Notably,the problem associated with physical mesomechanics of multi-level structured heterogeneous and functional materials is a milestone of plastic deformation and fracture of solids.It is important to note the interdisciplinary approach to solving this problem.
Expected scientific results of project are:
1.To develop a scientific approach to obtaining metal matrix composites(MMC)adjustable mechanical properties that are improved relative to the initial metals and alloys.
2.To study the process of material formation in terms of microstructure,especially the transition layer metal/ceramic.
3.To develop a modeling method for prediction of the mechanical properties of materials depending on the synthetic conditions.The MMC structure will serve as source data for the construction of a rheological model of deformation and fracture model,taking into account nanometer inclusions in the metal matrix volume,their interaction with the matrix and the effect on their grain structure(the effect of grain crushing to the nanoscale state).
4.To obtain a composite material based on metal(aluminum alloy)doped with nanoparticle powder(metal/ceramics)with improved mechanical properties on the basis of generalization of experimental data and verification of mechanical properties.
5.Develop laboratory regulations for the production of improved metal hybrid composites with two or more reinforcing modifiers.
6.To develop the scientific basis for the creation of a composite material using selective laser melting(SLM)technology based on Al alloy powder reinforced with carbide core-shell nanoparticles.
The approach proposed by our research group to the MMC production using ceramic-metal particles will allow us to develop a universal sequence of synthetic steps for the introduction of reinforcing ceramic nanoparticles into the metal matrix.The project will give us a new understanding of the structure and properties relationship for metal matrix composites,and also will identify the most important factors affecting the MMC functional-mechanical properties.
Note that the construction of deformation and fracture models of metal matrix composites will allow to predict the effective properties of the created materials taking into account the nanoscale inclusions of the dispersed phase.The developed computer model will take into account macro-,micro-and nano-levels of the material.On the basis of these models,the prediction of composite mechanical properties will be carried out.
Created nanostructured composites with improved properties are innovative.Therefore,we can expect their large demand for aviation,auto,ship building,fuel and energy complex,tool industry,mining,nuclear energy and social sphere.The relevance of technologies for the production of details from aluminum composites in the automotive industry is confirmed,for example,by their use for the manufacture of pistons of diesel engines(Toyota),cylindrical inserts(Honda Prelude),driving shaft(General Motors),rear brake discs(Plymouth Prowler,Lotus Elise,and Volkswagen Lupo).
The development of new scientific approaches to the synthesis of composites will allow to obtain a new MMC group with a density close to pure aluminum,which is critically important in aerospace engineering.Dispersion-filled alumina MMCs are characterized by increased values of specific strength and stiffness while maintaining high damping capacity,electrical and thermal conductivity and low specific gravity,which provides a reduction in the mass of products while increasing reliability and service life.
Our results will give also a practical contribution to the materials science development by creating the possibility of describing the composites mechanical properties,which can be used in automatic design systems of structural elements.
The planned work corresponds to the world level in the field of materials science of nanostructured materials and it is a pioneering work in the field of hybrid composites with two or more reinforcing nanomodifiers.
Further prospects for commercialization of our research and development can be estimated as high.
1.The most significant economic effect is expected from the potentially possible production of highly reliable SiC-aluminum nanostructures with improved operational properties(structural and mechanical ones)that are not achievable in other synthesis methods.The developed aluminum alloy-based metal composite should provide friction units of mechanisms operating in extreme conditions for aerospace technology.
2.The created nanostructured aluminum-based composite should ensure stable operation at 3000C.
3.The developed synthesis can be applied to create other technological cycles and improve existing technologies(for example,to fabricate nickel alloys).Due to the innovative nature of nanostructured composites with improved properties,we can expect their wide use for aviation,auto,ship building,fuel and energy complex,tool industry,mining,nuclear energy and social sphere.
4.The materials and technologies obtained within this project should serve as a basis for the creation of modern promising equipment that allows to increase the reliability and resource of structural elements and equipment of mechanical engineering during operation.
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