本研究以城市化高速发展阶段（2003年）、中高速发展阶段（2013年）以及城市化新常态阶段（2018年）为背景,以关中地区典型乡村为研究对象,选取典型夏季日进行实地测量,运用微气候数值模拟软件ENVI-met探讨研究区域微气候时空变化。结果表明,ENVI-met可以较好地模拟关中地区乡村微气候;在2003年-2018年间平均温度增加0.66℃,平均湿度减小1.59%,并且随着透水下垫面占比的减小,研究区域平均温度增加而平均湿度减小;相比较于2003年-2013年的温度与湿度变化幅度,2013年-2018年变化较低;以关中常见树种悬铃木作为行道树对研究区域进行优化模拟,可知行道树对村庄降温增湿效果比较明显,日平均降温为1.16℃,湿度平均增加3.57%。本研究对乡村人居环境整治规划具有重要意义。

开展绿色建筑的评定工作是建设绿色建筑的一个重要环节。通过对英国最新颁布的BREEAM2018与我国的《绿色建筑评价标准》GB/T 50378-2014进行系统的对比,从评价指标、权重、评价方式、评价结果等方面比较了BREEAM与《绿色建筑评价标准》中的异同点,发现《绿色建筑评价标准》在内容构成及绿色建筑评定工作方面存在的不足,并在绿色建筑体系的评级分类、更新速度等方面提出改进意见,以完善适合我国国情的科学的绿色建筑评价体系。

通过对国内绿色建筑运行情况与国外低碳建筑经验分析,发现管理者可以基于社会学习理论利用社交网络与社区机构来满足建筑使用者对节能技术的认知需求。结合我国国情提出概念性的平台,采用社会—技术系统组织方式进行搭建。利用该平台可以帮助建筑使用者进行社会学习,同时储存并分析调查数据,为今后我国绿色住区的发展提供一定指导。

为缓解目前城市雾霾严重这一环境问题,采用实地调研、选点测试与CFD仿真模拟的方法,选取已建成的西安市居住组团为研究对象。从城市设计的角度,提炼具备可比性指标——"居住组团相邻建筑高度比"的物理模型,运用实地测试以及CFD模拟建立合理的数值模型,进而对不同的相邻建筑高度比进行模拟研究,通过对组团内部及外部空间空气品质的差异分析,定量地研究不同居住组团形态对大气悬浮颗粒物稀释扩散的影响。最终,综合考虑垂直方向的湍流特征,以及微气候影响下的污染物浓度分布规律,得到在西安市居住组团中,悬浮颗粒物的浓度与建筑层高类型有关,并且与建筑的高差大小有关;相邻建筑对比高度最优方案为北侧建筑9层（1∶1）以及18层（2∶1）,3层（3∶1）以及15层（3∶5）为不宜选项。

Micro-climatic factors have provided dynamic conditions and thermal conditions for the distribution of suspended particulate matters. In this paper, courtyard-type residential clusters built in Xi'an were selected as the research objects, through field survey, spot test, and CFD analog simulation. Plane layout physical models of the various comparable courtyard-type residential clusters were abstracted from the perspective of urban design, reasonable numerical models were established by field test and CFD simulation, and then simulation study was conducted to the plane forms of different courtyard-type residential clusters; the influence of different forms on the dilution and spread of atmospheric pollutants was studied quantitatively. Finally, upon overall consideration over the turbulence characteristics in the vertical direction and the distribution law of pollutants under the influence of microclimate, it was concluded that the concentration of fine PM2.5 in the space of node-type clusters in the plane layout of courtyard-type clusters performed worst in the comparative scope, the most favorable form was U type clusters, and the available forms were windmill-type clusters and scattered-vertical type clusters. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Micro-climatic factors have provided dynamic conditions and thermal conditions for the distribution of suspended particulate matters. In this paper, courtyard-type residential clusters built in Xi'an were selected as the research objects, through field survey, spot test, and CFD analog simulation. Plane layout physical models of the various comparable courtyard-type residential clusters were abstracted from the perspective of urban design, reasonable numerical models were established by field test and CFD simulation, and then simulation study was conducted to the plane forms of different courtyard-type residential clusters; the influence of different forms on the dilution and spread of atmospheric pollutants was studied quantitatively. Finally, upon overall consideration over the turbulence characteristics in the vertical direction and the distribution law of pollutants under the influence of microclimate, it was concluded that the concentration of fine PM2.5 in the space of node-type clusters in the plane layout of courtyard-type clusters performed worst in the comparative scope, the most favorable form was U type clusters, and the available forms were windmill-type clusters and scattered-vertical type clusters. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.