深海冷泉环境微生物多样性、环境适应机制与应用潜力评估

项目来源

国(略)研(略)((略)D(略)

项目主持人

东(略)

项目受资助机构

中(略)院(略)研(略)

立项年度

2(略)

立项时间

未(略)

项目编号

2(略)YFC0310801

项目级别

国(略)

研究期限

未(略) (略)

受资助金额

4(略)0(略)

学科

深(略)技(略)备

学科代码

未(略)

基金类别

“深(略)技(略)备”重点专项

关键词

深(略) (略)生(略)性(略)适(略) (略)e(略)s(略)c(略) (略)p(略)m(略)o(略)l(略)v(略)i(略);(略)a(略)t(略) (略)h(略)s(略)

参与者

东(略)李凌燕

参与机构

未(略)

项目标书摘要:冷泉(略)及其他有机质流体向(略)独特环境,生活着生(略)能自养微生物,为底(略)源,是支撑无光、低(略)类群。本课题开展我(略)物多样性、及其特殊(略)微生物的特殊环境生(略)球化学循环中的贡献(略)代谢能力,提供生物(略)本年度采集到For(略)个冷泉区水样、沉积(略),理化因子分析得知(略)烷含量高、硫酸盐和(略)微生物多样性分析表(略)主要是δ-Prot(略)和 Chlorof(略)ME-2a/b,甲(略)00cm的细菌主要(略)ia和Proteo(略)以产甲烷菌为主。特(略)eria和产甲烷古(略)代谢依存。基于宏基(略)冷泉未培养微生物的(略)氧和厌氧微生物50(略)。这些分离物中有5(略)们的基因组测序及生(略)离的物种中具有淀粉(略)活菌株40株。揭示(略)生物关系的建立和维(略)

Applicati(略): Cold se(略)ute uniqu(略)ntal nich(略)bit diver(略)s in part(略) the chem(略)c microor(略)ch provid(略)d energy (略)the benth(略)nimals,so(略)undationa(略)l groups (略) biospher(略)ect inves(略) microbia(略)iversity (略)cold seep(略)pecific m(略)nctions,a(略)elucidate(略)ve mechan(略) cold see(略)nd their (略)ns to the(略)ical recy(略)ep Ocean;(略) exploit (略)ions to s(略)tive biot(略)evelopmen(略)fiscal ye(略)sampled i(略)32 sampli(略)s from th(略)nd Haima (略)including(略)les,sedim(略)rine bent(略).The phys(略) paramete(略)indicated(略)tents of (略) sulfate (略)issolving(略)DIC).Micr(略)sity anal(略)ur cold s(略) showed t(略)nt specie(略)n the sea(略)the sedim(略)cifically(略)cteria an(略)i,and ANM(略)Methanosa(略)he domina(略)ria and A(略)ectively (略) in 0-20c(略)the cold (略)nt;while (略)red Atrib(略) Proteoba(略)methanoar(略)he preval(略)a and Arc(略)400cm dep(略)ediment,r(略).Particul(略)urrence o(略)ria and m(略)ea was ob(略)ying that(略)metabolic(略)ependent.(略)agenome s(略)e have ob(略)etagenome(略)genomes,w(略)ent the c(略)ecific mi(略)cies.The (略)a expose (略)ntents an(略) potentia(略) uncultur(略)anisms.By(略) variety (略)g approac(略) isolated(略)cold seep(略)strains a(略)ed most o(略)deposited(略)s in Chin(略)icroorgan(略) Collecti(略)GMCC).Amo(略)e strains(略)resent ne(略)o their g(略)sequenced(略)terized f(略)iological(略)mical fea(略)rains pro(略)se,gelati(略)pase.In a(略)via diffe(略)nscriptom(略),revealed(略)tic devel(略)maintaini(略)ms betwee(略)sea modio(略)frons)and(略)nts.

项目受资助省

北(略)

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  • 1.深海冷泉环境微生物多样性、环境适应机制与应用潜力评估年度技术进展报告(Annual report of technical progress of the cold seep environmental microbial diversity,adaptive mechanisms and application potentials)

    • 关键词:
    • 深海冷泉、微生物多样性、适应机制、deep sea cold seep、microbial diversity、adaptation mechanisms
    • 东秀珠李凌燕;
    • 《中国科学院微生物研究所;》
    • 2019年
    • 报告

    冷泉是由深海沉积物中的甲烷及其他有机质流体向海底渗漏或喷发而形成的独特环境,生活着生物多样性丰富、尤其是化能自养微生物,为底栖海洋动物提供碳源和能源,是支撑无光、低氧海底生物圈的基础生物类群。本课题开展我国主要深海冷泉区的微生物多样性、及其特殊代谢功能研究,解析冷泉微生物的特殊环境生存机制及其对深海冷泉地球化学循环中的贡献;发掘其功能基因资源及代谢能力,提供生物技术创新的资源和策略。本年度采集到Formasa和Haima两个冷泉区水样、沉积物及底栖动物样品32份,理化因子分析得知Formasa冷泉区甲烷含量高、硫酸盐和DIC低。对4个冷泉区微生物多样性分析表明,0-20cm的细菌主要是δ-Proteobacteria 和 Chloroflei,古菌主要是ANME-2a/b,甲烷八叠球菌科;40-400cm的细菌主要是Atribacteria和Proteobacteria;古菌以产甲烷菌为主。特别发现Atribacteria和产甲烷古菌分布在同层,暗示二者代谢依存。基于宏基因组分析拼接出50多个冷泉未培养微生物的基因组;分离到冷泉区好氧和厌氧微生物500株左右,保藏198株。这些分离物中有5个潜在的新种,完成了它们的基因组测序及生理生化特征分析。这些分离的物种中具有淀粉酶、明胶酶、脂肪酶等酶活菌株40株。揭示了深海偏顶蛤与其共生微生物关系的建立和维持机制。 Cold seeps constitute unique environmental niches and inhabit diverse organisms in particularly of the chemoautotrophic microorganisms,which provide carbon and energy sources to the benthic marine animals,so are the foundational biological groups in the dark biosphere.This project investigates the microbial species diversity in Chinese cold seeps and the specific metabolic functions,and aims to elucidate the adaptive mechanisms of the cold seep species,and their contributions to the biogeochemical recycling of Deep Ocean;and also to exploit their functions to serve innovative biotechnology developments.In this fiscal year,we have sampled in total of 32 sampling specimens from the Formasa and Haima cold seeps,including water samples,sediments and marine benthic animals.The physicochemical parameter analysis indicated higher contents of methane and sulfate but lower dissolving chemicals(DIC).Microbial diversity analysis for four cold seep samples showed that different species inhabit in the sea floor and the sediments,in specifically,δ-Proteobacteria and Chloroflei,and ANME-2a/b and Methanosarcina are the dominant of Bacteria and Archaea,respectively distributed in 0-20cm depth of the cold seep sediment;while the uncultured Atribacteria and Proteobacteria,and methanoarchaea are the prevalent Bacteria and Archaea in 40-400cm depth of the sediment,respectively.Particularly,co-occurrence of Atribacteria and methanoarchaea was observed,implying that they were metabolically interdependent.Through metagenome sequencing,we have obtained 50 metagenome-assembled genomes,which represent the cold seep specific microbial species.The genomic data expose the gene contents and metabolic potentials of these uncultured microorganisms.By means of a variety of culturing approaches,we have isolated about 500 cold seep microbial strains and identified most of them,and deposited 198 strains in China General Microorganism Culture Collection Center(CGMCC).Among them,five strains likely represent new species,so their genomes are sequenced and characterized for the physiological and biochemical features;40 strains produced amylase,gelatinase and lipase.In addition,we,via differential transcriptomic analysis,revealed the symbiotic development and maintaining mechanisms between the deep sea modiolus(B.platifrons)and the symbionts.

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