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Understanding Ethnic Differences in Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort Study

项目来源

美国卫生和人类服务部基金(HHS)

项目主持人

MAHABIR, SOMDAT

项目受资助机构

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA

立项年度

2014

立项时间

未公开

项目编号

5UM1CA164973-03

项目级别

国家级

研究期限

未知 / 未知

受资助金额

3743675.00美元

学科

Cancer; Clinical Research; Genetics; Nutrition; Prevention;

学科代码

未公开

基金类别

Non-SBIR/STTR RPGs

关键词

未公开

参与者

HENDERSON, BRIAN E; LE MARCHAND, LOIC ; WILKENS, LYNNE R

参与机构

NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

项目标书摘要：DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application seeks support for the infrastructure of the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study, which was established in Hawaii and southern California between 1993 and 1996 to study risk factors for cancer and other chronic diseases. The study was designed to take advantage of the ethnic and cultural diversity of the two geographic areas, as well as the expertise of the senior investigators in nutrition, ethnic/racial studies, and, subsequently, genetics. It is the most ethnically heterogeneous cancer cohort in existence. At baseline, the cohort included information on 215,000 men and women, comprised, by design, almost entirely of five ethnic/racial populations: Caucasians, Japanese Americans, Native Hawaiians, African Americans, and Latinos. The resource was later expanded to include a prospective bio repository of blood and urine specimens from ~ 70,000 of the participants. Leadership of the MEC entails a highly interactive, team approach; and the investigators have amply demonstrated their willingness to share data and participate actively in consortium projects. This application describes our aims over the next five years for maintaining and enhancing the infrastructure of the MEC, as well as plans for methodological research in the areas of genetic and nutritional epidemiology that utilize the resources of the cohort. Research accomplishments to date include significant contributions to understanding both genetic and environmental risk factors for cancer, particularly related to breast, prostate, colorectal and lun cancers. Nearly 250 papers describing these findings have been published. In addition, primarily over the last 20 years, more than 50 research grants have been built around the MEC, and more than 50 students and postdoctoral fellows have been trained on the study. This new grant will make possible the continuation of a well-integrated program of research aimed at evaluating environmental factors and genetic variants as risk factors for cancer and other common chronic diseases.

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  • 3.Excess body weight and colorectal cancer survival: the multiethnic cohort.

    • 关键词：
    • ;

    PURPOSE: Excess body weight is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) and may also adversely affect survival in CRC patients.; METHODS: This study examined the relation of body mass index (BMI), which was self-reported at cohort entry and after 5.7 ± 0.8 years, with CRC-specific and all-cause survival among 4,204 incident cases of invasive CRC in the multiethnic cohort. Cox regression analysis with age as time metric and BMI as time-varying exposure was applied to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) while adjusting for relevant covariates.; RESULTS: Over 6.0 ± 4.7 years of follow-up, 1,976 all-cause and 1,095 CRC-specific deaths were recorded. The mean time interval between cohort entry and diagnosis was 7.6 ± 4.7 years. No association with CRC-specific survival was detected in men (HR5units = 0.94; 95%CI 0.84-1.04) or women (HR5units = 0.98; 95%CI 0.89-1.08). In men, all-cause survival also showed no relation with BMI (HR5unit = 0.97; 95%CI 0.90-1.06), whereas it was reduced in women (HR5units = 1.10; 95%CI 1.03-1.18). Interactions of BMI with ethnicity were only significant for obesity. Obese Latino and overweight Native Hawaiian men as well as overweight African-American women experienced significantly better CRC-specific survival than whites. Overweight Japanese men and African-American women had better all-cause survival and obese Latino women had the lowest all-cause survival (HRobese = 1.74; 95%CI 1.08-2.80).; CONCLUSIONS: This analysis detected little evidence for an adverse effect of excess body weight on CRC-specific survival, but all-cause survival was reduced in women. These findings suggest that adiposity may be less important for CRC survival than as an etiologic factor.

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