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全球科研项目数据库2026版

三峡库区水循环演变机制与水安全保障技术集成及应用

项目来源

国家重点研发计划(NKRD)

项目主持人

柴宏祥

项目受资助机构

重庆大学

立项年度

2017

立项时间

未公开

项目编号

2017YFC0404700

研究期限

未知 / 未知

项目级别

国家级

受资助金额

1461.00万元

学科

水资源高效开发利用

学科代码

未公开

基金类别

“水资源高效开发利用”重点专项

关键词

三峡库区 ; 变化环境 ; 水循环 ; 水资源 ; 水环境 ; 水生态 ; 水安全 ; Three Gorges Reservoir Area ; changing Environment ; water cycle ; water resources ; aquatic environment ; hydroecology ; water safety

参与者

肖伟华；王丽婧；胡明明；徐德毅

参与机构

中国水利水电科学研究院；中国环境科学研究院；水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所

项目标书摘要：针对项目目标，开展了三峡库区水循环驱动机制研究及伴生过程的驱动机制研究，构建了与人类取用水模型耦合的三峡库区分布式陆面水文模型，试验揭示了不同坡度坡面产流与氮磷营养盐迁移的关系，得到了基于SWAT模型的綦江小流域参数化方案集，为水污染防治策略提供流量输入。揭示了不同运行时段污染物输送机制及时空分布特性，基本形成了库区水环境质量问题识别技术。开展了上游来水污染风险评估及控制阈值、典型控制单元及大型排污口对水质的影响、快速城镇化区域水污染防治策略等研究。对比分析不同阶段的三峡库区水系变化情况，构建了河流评价体系，初步进行了库区健康水系统评价。构建三峡库区基础地理空间、社会经济用水、水文水资源和水环境水生态信息数据库。探究山地城市径流污染物的时空分布规律，集成具有山地特色的径流污染及雨洪控制技术，构建了示范区雨洪模型，采用贝叶斯算法提高了参数的率定精度，基本完成了示范工程及管控平台建设。分析了小江回水区主要污染物形态分布及其输移转化规律，建立小流域氮磷收支模型，构建了小江食物网模型，开展了生态位重叠及混合营养影响分析，提出了食物网结构完善策略，开展了技术示范区建设。确立了供水安全保障的四项关键技术，建成了互联互通的江南新城供水示范工程、完善SCADA系统与设备能源计量及DMA分区平台北碚、南岸片区示范工程，并开始试运行。

Application Abstract: A distributed land surface hydrological model of the Three Gorges Reservoir area was constructed,which is coupled with the human water intake model to form a land surface hydrological model considering the human water intake process.Based on SWAT model,a set of parameterized schemes for Qijiang watershed are obtained to provide flow input for other research parts.The transport mechanism and spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of pollutants in different operation periods are revealed,and the identification technology of water environmental quality problems in the reservoir area is basically formed.The risk assessment and control threshold of upstream water pollution,the impact of typical control units and large-scale sewage discharge locations on water quality,and the prevention and control strategies of water pollution that can support rapid urbanization were carried out.The watercourse changes in different time periods of the Three Gorges Reservoir area were compared and analyzed.The river evaluation system was constructed,and the preliminary evaluation of the healthy water system in the Three Gorges Reservoir area was carried out.The basic geographic space,social and economic water use,hydrological and water resources and water environment and water ecology information database of the Three Gorges Reservoir area are constructed.Further explored the temporal and spatial distribution of runoff pollutants in Yuelai new town.Runoff pollution and stormwater control technology with mountain characteristics are integrated.A stormwater management model of the demonstration area was developed.The accuracy of parameter calibration was improved by using a Bayesian algorithm.Construction of demonstration sites and control platform were almost completed.The distribution of main pollutants in the backwater area of Xiaojiang River and their transport and transformation laws are analyzed.The nitrogen and phosphorus budget model was established as well as the food web model.The construction of integrated technology demonstration area was carried out.Four key technologies of water supply safety guarantee have been established.The demonstration project of interconnected water supply in Jiangnan New Town,the demonstration project of improving SCADA system and equipment energy measurement and DMA zoning platform in Beibei and Nan'an areas have been completed.Trial operation has begun.

项目受资助省

重庆市

项目实施周期(年)

3.5

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  • 1.SSThe coexistence and diversity of Candidatus methylomirabilis oxyfera-like and anammox bacteria in sediments of an urban eutrophic lake.

    • 关键词：
    • 0 / Nitrates. 0 / Nitrites. 0 / RNA, Ribosomal, 16S. 7664-41-7 / Ammonia. OP0UW79H66 / Methane;

    Tangxun Lake is the largest urban lake in China, which is polluted by multiple wastewaters, and now is severely eutrophic. We detected diversity, abundance, and the coexistence of Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera-like and anammox bacteria in different horizontal and vertical directions of the lake sediments through qPCR and clone library. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the Ca. Methylomirabilis oxyfera-like and anammox bacteria exhibited high diversity, and they belonged to group B-E and Ca. Brocadia genus, respectively. These two bacteria displayed higher diversity in polluted area than in other areas. Furthermore, they had great spatial variation of abundance both horizontally and vertically. The abundance of anammox bacteria was significantly higher than that of Ca. Methylomirabilis oxyfera-like bacteria. The stronger the human interference were, the higher abundances these two bacteria exhibited horizontally, whereas both their abundances and the ratio of anammox to Ca. Methylomirabilis oxyfera-like bacteria decreased with the increasing depth. Redundancy analysis indicated that nitrate was the most influential environmental factor to the abundance of these two bacteria. Ammonia, nitrite, total nitrogen, and organic matters were in positive correlation with the abundance of these two bacteria. Nitrate was slightly negatively correlated with the abundance of Ca. Methylomirabilis oxyfera-like bacteria, while it was positively correlated with that of anammox bacteria. Our results provided an insight into the effects of environmental factors such as ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate on the diversity and abundances of these two bacteria and theoretical basis for restoration of water. © 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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