Building energy conservation has received attention globally due to the significant environmental effects of the building industry. Because of the dual character of energy saving measures, it is important to weigh the overall advantages of embodied and operating stage under local conditions. This study compared the influence of exterior wall materials on energy consumption of light-framed temporary buildings. The exterior wall was divided into four layers and different materials and thickness options were selected in accordance with the design and related research. There were a total of 3 outer-most materials, 16 exterior insulation options, 7 air gap thickness, and 4 inner filling insulation materials, which can be combined to generate 1344 design schemes. In order to compare the embodied and oper-ating energy consumption of all schemes, a framework of building energy consumption prediction method was established. The rapid energy consumption prediction was realized by combining building model, Ecoinvent Database and EnergyPlus software with programming language. The calculation pro-gram could be adjusted based on the results to support the analysis of the materials' influence mecha-nism on energy consumption. This study verified the feasibility of the prediction method through an example analysis. The research results demonstrated that different materials and thicknesses have dis-tinct or even opposing impacts on embodied and operating energy consumption, which needs to be con-sidered comprehensively. Additionally, suggestions on the selection of materials for each layer of exterior wall are proposed for this case. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

目前,学界对雄安的宏观研究现状和合作程度缺少全面且系统的了解,因此研究雄安的学术文献具有重要的开拓意义。本文基于从CNKI中遴选出的412篇关于雄安地区规划的中文有效文献,利用文献计量学生成Citespace知识图谱,并对其进行分析,发

为了能有效减少夏季热辐射,并保证冬季的保温需求,寻求开发一个基于被动式通风原理的智能多功能全天候百叶节能窗。从4个角度出发:智能多功能节能窗的设计、多功能智能窗的运行原理、节能窗的运行气流效果、验证节能窗的合理性。设计出

The spread of COVID-19 has caused an increasing demand for public medical rooms, especially in Chinese rural regions. Industrialized building techniques have been shown as capable of fulfilling this demand through the case of the Leishenshan Hospital. However, industrialized construction requires developed technologies and infrastructures, which are often non-existent in rural areas, thus making it difficult to replicate such a feat. Therefore, more suitable solutions for Chinese rural project delivery in the pandemic scenario are needed. Considering the constraints of pandemic prevention and rural applicability, the adaptive industrialized construction (AIC) method has potential as an alternative. This study evaluates the application of AIC by comparing simulated results using AIC and a conventional method, based on five evaluation indicators: construction speed, labourer distribution, material consumption, equipment utilization, and cost. Taking an actual project as the sample building, the results indicate that the AIC method has several advantages. These include a shorter construction period, less labourer gathering onsite, and a lower cost, suggesting it may be an effective solution for rural project delivery during the pandemic. Architects and contractors could employ the same evaluation method to explore more solutions and optimize the construction schedule for future rapid construction needs in rural areas in a pandemic.

Building performance optimization (BPO) is effective for designers to explore passive building alternatives based on defined performance metrics. As the first step of BPO, the simplification of design problems has been performed in diverse methods. However, its identification and selection are still a challenge. This study firstly develops a simplification matrix based on two criteria of complexity and flexibility to categorize existing passive design options. Secondly, four simplified configurations are compared to evaluate their impact on the quality and correlation of optimized solutions. A prefabricated building was selected as the case study, and three performance metrics were defined as energy use intensity, thermal discomfort ratio and dissatisfaction of daylight illuminance. In the results, the low-complexity model with high flexibility outperforms the other simplifications with expected improvements of 20.16%, 15.14% and 47.09% for three metrics. However, the difference in improvements between low-and high-flexibility models lies within 2%. Based on the results, the low-complexity model with low flexibility would be the most promising simplified method, as it can integrate engineering information into BPO with a negligible performance gap. Moreover, it is also found that the correlation varies significantly between low-and high-complexity models, which is caused by the variation of the transparent parameter from window to glass. Finally, the multi-objective genetic algorithm II has an advantage in convergence speed over the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II.

在文献计量学的指导下,以中国知网近十年收录的8685篇与房地产相关的文献为样本,利用Cite Space对中国改革开放第四个十年的房地产研究脉络进行阶段性分析。以每一年为一个切片,观察我国每年对于房地产研究的变化,得到房地产研究科学知

Unlike standard-restricted and well-equipped urban residential buildings, a large portion of rural buildings sacrifice indoor comfort and energy efficiency to reduce the initial investment. Therefore, cost-effective retrofit strategies for rural buildings are urgently needed to better living conditions and create higher energy efficiency. This study developed a framework to choose the optimal economical retrofitting strategies for existing rural buildings by taking both active and passive approaches into consideration. The building retrofitting measurements were a combination of thermal performance improvement for external walls and a solar photovoltaic generation system for the rooftop. With the case of a rural dwelling in Shandong province, this study first assessed the thermal transmittance of the external walls and collected geometry and operational schedules to create a building model for the later energy simulation. Environmental monitoring was also conducted for two months – in February for winter and August for summer – to obtain actual indoor temperatures, which were used to calibrate the energy model within a 10% error rate. In total, 17 retrofitting plans were then set up and analyzed in this study. The results showed that when applying the cost-optimal retrofit plan, there is the great potential to reduce energy use by 20.5% and to balance the annual building energy consumption with a payback period of 10.7 years. Finally, the proposed framework was proven to be accurate and feasible and was expected to be widely used in the improvement of living conditions in Chinese rural areas.
© 2021 The Author(s)

文章运用能源种类法对江苏省2011-2017年建筑业碳排放量进行测算,基于对数平均指数分解（LMDI）模型将江苏省建筑业碳排放驱动效应分解为能源结构、能源强度、建筑业经济水平、人口密度、新增节能建筑面积率及新增建筑面积6个影响因子,解析碳排放变动量（2012-2013年、2014-2015年、2016-2017年为负变动阶段;2013-2014年、2015-2016年为正变动阶段）及各因子贡献率排序,详细剖析其驱动效应。研究结果表明:（1）各阶段碳排放变动趋势反映相应时期内实际碳排放变化特征。碳排放变动因子k绝对值越大,所处阶段变动量越多,碳增排/减排速度越快;（2）贡献率P反映各因子对变动量的影响程度,P绝对值越大,所处阶段碳增排（减排）的促进（抑制）作用越明显;（3）江苏省建筑业碳排放总体呈现负变动。能源强度为促进碳负变的主要影响因子,建筑业经济水平为促进碳正变的主要影响因子。能源强度、人口密度、能源结构、新增建筑面积因子贡献率分别为114.13%、36.13%、26.83%、20.31%;新增节能建筑面积率、建筑业经济水平因子贡献率分别为-5.13%、-92.26%。文章提出了江苏省建筑业碳减排对策建议。

中国力争于2060年前在二氧化碳排放上实现"碳中和"。为积极回应这一目标,文章从国家及地方政策出发,对全国建筑业能源消费总量及主要能源碳排放量进行评估,解析江苏省建筑业"十二五""十三五"规划,并对比分析2011—2017年省级能源结构、新建节能建筑单位面积碳排放量。结果表明,城市化进程推动新增节能建筑面积不断增长并在一定程度影响了建筑业碳排放量,节能率标准提升及新增节能建筑面积大幅上升有效降低了单位面积碳排量。最后建议贯彻落实一定的政策与采用适当技术措施来进一步控制建筑业碳排放量波动趋势,以稳步实现"2060年0碳计划"。

针对装配式建筑物化过程中,采用电动运输工具进行预制构件运输所产生的碳排放量的计算研究,对比分析预制构件运输与普通材料运输之间的区别,通过真实道路试验测定预制构件电气化运输的真实碳排放量。研究中开展了化石燃料车和电动车的对比测试,同时对比分析不同满载率情况下构件运输碳排放量,采用统计分析工具拟合回归公式,得到相应碳排放因子取值方式。本研究可为GB/T51366—2019《建筑碳排放计算标准》中的运输部分进行有效补充,并为可再生能源在装配式建筑行业的深度应用提供碳排放量计算的定量标尺。