星系结构、演化与宇宙学研究

项目来源

国(略)研(略)((略)D(略)

项目主持人

毛(略)

项目受资助机构

中(略)院(略)文(略)

立项年度

2(略)

立项时间

未(略)

项目编号

2(略)YFA0404500

项目级别

国(略)

研究期限

未(略) (略)

受资助金额

0(略)万(略)

学科

大(略)置(略)究

学科代码

未(略)

基金类别

“大(略)置(略)究”重点专项

关键词

银(略);(略)形(略) (略)成(略) (略)系(略) (略)物(略) (略) (略)尺(略) (略)宙(略) (略)k(略)a(略) (略)r(略)r(略)i(略);(略)r(略)i(略)a(略)e(略)u(略)n(略) (略)a(略)s(略)g(略)c(略) (略)a(略)s(略)d(略) (略)t(略);(略)r(略)n(略)y(略)l(略)e(略)a(略)s(略)c(略)e(略)c(略)o(略)y

参与者

张(略)成(略)博(略)

参与机构

清(略);(略)学(略)天(略)南(略);(略)通(略)中(略)技(略)

项目标书摘要:本项(略)置(LAMOST等(略)高精度数值模拟,开(略)学研究。从2(略)(略)我们按计划开展研究(略)1)从多方面开展了(略)阳当地暗物质密度以(略)的测量;发现了多个(略),对现有的星系形成(略)发了一套高效测量弱(略)并应用于实际数据,(略)质。2)利用多探针(略)变信号和弱引力透镜(略)及其宇宙学研究,其(略)系巡天相关数据处理(略)红移0.6和1.1(略)相关测量到了重子声(略)获得了迄今为止依托(略)量观测证据,并发现(略)的暗能量动力学行为(略)波段数据,发现恒星(略)普适,其变化主要由(略)进一步揭示了近邻星(略)、金属和热气体分布(略)系的物质循环所起的(略)个近邻星系的动力学(略)标度关系研究,为理(略)提供了宝贵的数据库(略)动力学—化学拟合新(略)旋星系并发现近邻星(略)

Applicati(略): This pr(略)Chinese a(略) faciliti(略)LAMOST),i(略)l surveys(略)esolution(略)simulatio(略) dynamica(略),formatio(略)tion of g(略) cosmolog(略) official(略)ay 2(略),(略)ried out (略)cording t(略)mentation(略)btained t(略)g importa(略)_x000D_1)(略)the distr(略)dark matt(略)ilky Way (略)galaxies,(略)he determ(略) the loca(略)er densit(略)otal mass(略)ky Way ha(略)discovere(略)of dwarf (略)th little(略)r,which p(略)lenge to (略) theory o(略)rmation.W(略) optimize(略)ndent pip(略)tain weak(略)gnals eff(略)th fewer (略),and appl(略) data and(略)e statist(略)ties of d(略)haloes._x(略)sed multi(略)baryonic (略)cillation(略)hift spac(略)n[RSD]and(略)tational (略)study the(略)dark ener(略)wo studie(略)e eBOSS c(略)n to perf(略)-tracer a(略)galaxy cl(略) cosmic s(略)asured th(略)SD in the(略)ange of 0(略)for the f(略)nd found (略) dynamic (略),consiste(略) earlier (略)00D_3)We (略)le method(略)-waveleng(略) found th(略)ass funct(略)s is not (略)ith metal(略)g the mai(略) driving (略)nce.Furth(略)tudied th(略)ions of n(略)ogen,meta(略)gas in ne(略)es and th(略)gas and b(略)ccretion (略)he life c(略)axies._x0(略)rformed t(略)isotropic(略)of more t(略)nearby ga(略)studied t(略)g relatio(略)lar popul(略)iding a v(略)abase for(略)studies o(略)laxies fo(略)come.We a(略)ed severa(略)ed codes (略)e chemo-d(略)operties (略),which ca(略)o study b(略)ies and i(略)ging sign(略)arby gala(略)

项目受资助省

北(略)

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  • 1.星系结构、演化与宇宙学研究最终报告(Final Report on Galaxy Structure,evolution and cosmology studies)

    • 关键词:
    • 银河系、恒星形成、星系形成和演化、星系动力学、暗物质、暗能量、大尺度结构、宇宙学、Milky Way、star formation、formation and evolution of galaxies、galactic dynamics、dark matter、dark energy、large-scale structure、cosmology
    • 张骏;毛淑德;李成;赵公博;
    • 《上海交通大学;清华大学;中国科学院国家天文台;》
    • 2023年
    • 报告

    本项目依托我国天文大科学装置(LAMOST等),结合国际巡天计划和高精度数值模拟,开展星系结构、形成和宇宙学研究。从2018年5月正式立项以来,我们按计划开展研究,取得了以下重要结果。1)从多方面开展了暗物质研究,其中包括太阳当地暗物质密度以及银河系暗物质晕总质量的测量;发现了多个基本不含暗物质的矮星系,对现有的星系形成理论提出了挑战;自主开发了一套高效测量弱引力透镜信号的测量管线并应用于实际数据,测量了暗物质晕的统计性质。2)利用多探针(重子声波振荡、红移畸变信号和弱引力透镜效应),开展了对暗能量及其宇宙学研究,其中包括领导eBOSS星系巡天相关数据处理及宇宙学应用,并首次在红移0.6和1.1之间,通过多种源的交叉相关测量到了重子声波振荡和红移畸变信号,获得了迄今为止依托星系巡天得到的最强暗能量观测证据,并发现该数据支持我们此前发现的暗能量动力学行为;3)利用多种方法和多波段数据,发现恒星形成的初始质量函数并非普适,其变化主要由星系的金属丰度所主导;进一步揭示了近邻星系和高红移星系的中心氢、金属和热气体分布以及黑洞吸积等过程对星系的物质循环所起的作用;4)开展了对一万个近邻星系的动力学建模、星族合成和动力学标度关系研究,为理解近邻星系的动力学结构提供了宝贵的数据库;发展了基于轨道叠加的动力学—化学拟合新方法,能系统研究近邻棒旋星系并发现近邻星系并合的动力学证据。This project uses Chinese astronomical facilities(such as LAMOST),international surveys,and high-resolution numerical simulations to study dynamical structure,formation and evolution of galaxies and cosmology.Since the official start in May 2018,we have carried out research according to the implementation plan,and obtained the following important results:_x000D_1)We studied the distribution of dark matter in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies,including the determinations of the local dark matter density and the total mass of the Milky Way halo.We also discovered a number of dwarf galaxies with little dark matter,which poses a challenge to the current theory of galaxy formation.We have also optimized an independent pipeline to obtain weak lensing signals efficiently with fewer systematics,and applied to real data and studied the statistical properties of dark matter haloes._x000D_2)We used multiple probes(baryonic acoustic oscillations[BAO],redshift space distortion[RSD]and weak gravitational lensing)to study the nature of dark energy.We led two studies within the eBOSS collaboration to perform a multi-tracer analysis of galaxy clustering on cosmic scales.We measured the BAO and RSD in the redshift range of 0.6 and 1.1 for the first time,and found evidence of dynamic dark energy,consistent with our earlier studies._x000D_3)We used multiple methods and multi-wavelength data,and found the initial mass function of stars is not universal,with metallicity being the main parameter driving the difference.Furthermore,we studied the distributions of neutral hydrogen,metals and hot gas in nearby galaxies and the roles of gas and black hole accretion played in the life cycle of galaxies._x000D_4)We performed the Jeans Anisotropic Modelling of more than 10,000 nearby galaxies and studied their scaling relations and stellar populations,providing a valuable database for dynamical studies of nearby galaxies for years to come.We also developed several orbit-based codes to study the chemo-dynamical properties of galaxies,which can be used to study barred galaxies and identify merging signature in nearby galaxies.

    ...
  • 2.星系结构与动力学最终报告(Galactic Structure and Galactic Dynamics Final Report)

    • 关键词:
    • 星系结构、星系动力学、动力学建模、银河系、Galactic Structure、Galactic Dynamics、Dynamical Modelling、Milky Way
    • 毛淑德;
    • 《清华大学;》
    • 2023年
    • 报告

    利用我国LAMOST大科学装置以及国际MaNGA、GAIA等巡天观测计划,结合动力学建模和数值模拟,我们在银河系和近邻星系动力学领域取得了以下重要进展:(1)在近邻星系的动力学结构、形成与演化方向,我们开展了对一万个近邻星系的动力学建模、星族合成和动力学标度关系研究,为理解近邻星系的动力学结构提供了宝贵的数据库。我们发展了基于轨道叠加的动力学—化学拟合新方法,发现了近邻星系并合的动力学证据。课题组成员还开展了仙女座星系气体流体动力学模拟,找到了该星系存在棒的独立证据。(2)在棒旋星系的动力学结构和轨道理论研究方向,我们研究了测量棒图案速度的 TW 方法对不同参数的依赖性,并利用该方法测定了大样本(53 个)棒旋星系的棒图案速度,发现了超快棒存在的可能性。我们还发展了模拟棒旋星系动力学的第一个通用型方法,能对棒旋星系的面亮度分布进行有效分解,并成功拟合观测数据,有效约束关键物理参数。另外,我们还开展了棒旋星系的轨道理论等研究,为理解棒旋结构提供了启示。(3)在银河系结构与动力学方向,我们利用LAMOST和Gaia数据测量了太阳邻域暗物质密度和银河系晕星的速度各向异性参数,为暗物质直接探测实验和银河系质量测量提供了关键参数。我们研究了银河系恒星“冷/热”恒星在相空间“蜗牛壳”的分布差异,并限制了“蜗牛壳”的产生时间。利用银河系中心分子区性质以及气体动力学模型,我们限制了模糊暗物质模型中的暗物质粒子质量。另外,我们还开展了银河系银盘恒星和核球内部恒星的迁移等研究。With data from the Chinese LAMOST and international surveys such as MaNGA and GAIA,through numerical simulations and dynamical modelling,we achieved significant progress in the study of dynamics of the Milky Way and nearby galaxies in the following three areas:(1)Dynamical structure of nearby galaxies:we performed the Jeans Anisotropic Modelling of more than 10,000 galaxies from the MaNGA IFU survey and studied their scaling relations and stellar populations.This will be a legacy product of the MaNGA survey,providing the database for dynamical studies of nearby galaxies for years to come.We also developed several orbit-based codes to study the chemo-dynamical properties of galaxies,which were used to identify merging signature in two nearby galaxies,with more applications yet to come.We also performed hydro-dynamical simulations for the M31,and found independent evidence for the existence of a bar at its center.(2)Dynamics of bars:we studied the dependence of the Tremaine-Weinberg method on different observational parameters(such as pseudo-slit width,length,position angle)and applied the method to the largest bar sample(at the time)of 53 galaxies,and found the possible existence of ultra-fast bars,which may present a challenge to the bar formation theory.We also developed the first generic chemo-dynamical method to study barred galaxies by first decomposing the surface brightness distribution of a barred galaxy into a disk and a bar components,and then apply orbit-based methods to fit observational data and constrain the underlying physical parameters(e.g.,the bar pattern speed).We further performed theoretical studies of orbits in bars,providing insights into their supporting families.(3)Milky Way dynamics:using large samples of stars from LAMOST and Gaia,we determined the local dark matter density and the velocity anisotropy parameter of halo stars,which will be useful for the dark matter direct detection experiments and the determination of the Milky Way mass to large radii.We also studied the difference in the phase-space“snail”structure for cold and hot stars,and found that the perturbation that produced the“snail”should have occurred about 500Myr ago.Furthermore,using gas-dynamical simulations and data for the central molecular zone and other gas information,we constrained the mass of the dark matter candidate in the fuzzy dark matter theory.In addition,we studied the migrations of stars in the Milky way.

    ...
  • 3.星系结构、演化与宇宙学研究年度报告(Annual report on the study of galaxy structure,evolution and cosmology)

    • 关键词:
    • 星系形成、星系演化、物质循环、恒星形成、黑洞增长、气体吸积、宇宙热重子、宇宙再电离、galaxy formation、galaxy evolution、material cycling、star formation、black hole growth、gas accretion、cosmic hot baryons、cosmic reionization
    • 施勇;茅奕;冯骅;崔伟;李成;
    • 《南京大学天文与空间科学学院;清华大学天文系;》
    • 2023年
    • 报告

    星系不是孤立系统,星系依靠暗物质晕吸积重子气体,气体在暗物质晕的环境下冷却凝聚而形成恒星乃至星系,而星系演化过程中的能量反馈将星际介质和能量返回到星系周边甚至暗物质晕之外,因此物质在星系内部、星系周、星系际和暗物质晕内外不断地循环,构成一个复杂的生态系统。本课题利用低红移和高红移巡天观测数据,结合大尺度结构数值模拟模拟和宇宙再电离模拟,系统地研究星系内部的各种物理性质与星系周、星系际介质的关系,通过对比低红移、中高红移和早期宇宙,试图了解星系演化的一般规律。为此,本课题将研究内容分为以下四个部分。第一,近邻星系的恒星形成和黑洞增长,侧重于研究星系内部的恒星形成过程与活动星系核的相互联系和影响。第二,近邻星系的气体吸积和多波段观测,在光学观测数据基础上,结合射电和其它波段的观测数据开展星系的气体、恒星等组分的统计研究。第三,星系在0 ...

  • 4.星系结构、演化与宇宙学研究项目中期报告(Interim Report on Galaxy Structure,evolution and cosmology studies)

    • 关键词:
    • 银河系、恒星形成、星系形成和演化、星系动力学、暗物质、暗能量、大尺度结构、宇宙学、Milky Way、star formation、formation and evolution of galaxies、galactic dynamics、dark matter、dark energy、large-scale structure、cosmology
    • 毛淑德;李成;赵公博;张骏;
    • 《清华大学;清华大学;中国科学院国家天文台;上海交通大学;》
    • 2020年
    • 报告

    本项目依托我国天文大科学装置(LAMOST、FAST 等),结合国际巡天计划(GAIA、MaNGA、eBOSS等)和高精度数值模拟,开展星系结构、形成和宇宙学研究。从2018年5月正式立项以来,我们按计划开展研究,取得了以下重要结果。1)从多方面开展了对银河系和近邻星系的暗物质分布研究,其中包括太阳当地暗物质密度以及银河系暗物质晕总质量的测量,揭示了银河系的非平衡态及其引起的系统误差;发现了多个基本不含暗物质的矮星系,对现有的星系形成理论提出了挑战。2)利用多探针(重子声波振荡、红移畸变信号和弱引力透镜效应),开展了对暗能量及其宇宙学研究,其中包括领导eBOSS星系巡天相关数据处理及宇宙学应用,并首次在红移0.6和1.1之间,通过多种源的交叉相关测量到了重子声波振荡和红移畸变信号,获得了迄今为止依托星系巡天得到的最强暗能量观测证据,并发现该数据支持我们此前发现的暗能量动力学行为;自主开发了一套高效测量弱引力透镜信号的测量管线,有望在未来巡天数据中得到应用。3)利用多种方法(包括星族合成、大质量恒星性质以及星系动力学)和多波段数据,发现恒星形成的初始质量函数并非普适,其变化主要由星系的金属丰度所主导;进一步揭示了近邻星系的中心氢分和热气体分布以及黑洞吸积等过程对星系的物质循环所起的作用。新冠疫情和国际合作的不确定性给本项目带来了一些挑战,我们也正在采纳措施积极应对。 This project uses Chinese astronomical facilities(such as LAMOST,and FAST),international surveys(such as GAIA,MaNGA,and eBOSS),and high-resolution numerical simulations to study dynamical structure,formation and evolution of galaxies and cosmology.Since the official start in May 2018,we have been carrying out research according to the implementation plan,and obtained some important results,1)we studied the distribution of dark matter in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies,including the determinations of the local dark matter density and the total mass of the Milky Way halo,finding that the non-equilibrium nature of the Galactic disk causes systematics in their measurement.We also discovered a number of dwarf galaxies with little dark matter,which poses a challenge to the current theory of galaxy formation;2)we used multiple probes(baryonic acoustic oscillations[BAO],redshift space distortion[RSD]and weak gravitational lensing)to study the nature of dark energy.We led two studies within the eBOSS collaboration to perform a multi-tracer analysis of galaxy clustering on cosmic scales.We measured the BAO and RSD in the redshift range of 0.6 and 1.1 for the first time,and found evidence of dynamic dark energy,consistent with our earlier studies;we have optimized an independent pipeline to obtain weak lensing signals efficiently with fewer systematics,which can be applied to future large datasets.3)we used multiple methods(stellar populations,massive star properties and galactic dynamics)and multi-wavelength data,and found the initial mass function of stars is not universal,with metallicity being the main parameter driving the difference.Furthermore,we studied the distributions of neutral hydrogen and hot gas in nearby galaxies and the roles of gas and black hole accretion play in the lifecycle of galaxies.Our project is somewhat impacted by the corona-virus epidemic and the increasingly complex landscape of international collaborations,we are actively seeking ways to mitigate these challenges.

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