项目来源

国家重点研发计划(NKRD)

项目主持人

雷加强

项目受资助机构

中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所

立项年度

2018

立项时间

未公开

项目编号

2018YFE0106000

项目级别

国家级

研究期限

未知 / 未知

受资助金额

1360.00万元

学科

政府间国际科技创新合作

学科代码

未公开

基金类别

未公开

关键词

非洲绿色长城 ; 沙漠化防治 ; 技术示范 ; 推广应用 ; the Great Green Wall of Africa ; desertification control ; technology demonstration ; application

参与者

周娜；王永东；尤源

参与机构

中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所；联合国环境规划署国际生态系统管理伙伴计划

项目标书摘要：荒漠化被公认为是“地球的癌症”,沙漠化是荒漠化的主要表现形式之一。中国和非洲许多国家都深受荒漠化危害和威胁。2018 年中非合作论坛北京峰会上，习近_x000D_平指出：要在未来 3 年及今后一段时间重点实施“八大行动”,其中在“绿色发展行动”方面，强调要与非洲国家在应对气候变化、荒漠化防治等方面重点加强_x000D_交流合作。非洲“绿色长城”计划是 2005 年由非洲萨赫勒—撒哈拉国家共同体成员国发起建设的一条平均宽约 15 公里、长 7775 公里、穿越 11 个国家的防护林_x000D_带。2007 年该计划由非盟主导并正式启动确定为洲际旗舰计划。然而，非洲“绿色长城”建设因其覆盖面广、工程量大以及区域、技术等方面的差异性和复杂性而_x000D_面临众多挑战，特别是缺乏成套的技术模式与综合的系统方案来共同实现植树造林、生态适应、减贫和带动地区经济发展等目标，也更缺乏成熟的技术与模式具体_x000D_实施。本项目针对上述问题，开展了联合考察和研究，技术示范与推广能力建设与培养，形成了一系列成果与科学报告。该报告揭示了非洲绿色长城重点区域沙漠化时空格局与驱动机制；编制了非洲“绿色长城”重点区域土地沙化防治区划图；研发了机械—生物综合固沙技术体系，形成了尼日利亚防护林管护优化与经济功能提升、埃塞俄比亚退化草地生态修复与利用等关键技术；构建了综合防治方案，形成沙漠化防治技术与生计可持续管理的优化模式。本研究成果将提高非洲“绿色长城”建设国家土地沙化治理技术水平，改善区域生态环境质量，促进经济社会发展。

Application Abstract: The African"Great Green Wall"project,initiated in 2005 by member states of the African Community of Sahelo-Saharan States,entails the construction of a protective forest belt spanning approximately 15 kilometers wide and 7,775 kilometers long,traversing 11 countries.In 2007,under the leadership of the African Union,this initiative was officially launched and established as a flagship intercontinental program.Nevertheless,the construction of the"Great Green Wall"in Africa encounters numerous challenges due to its extensive coverage,significant workload,regional disparities,technical complexities,and,notably,the absence of comprehensive technical models and integrated system solutions required to achieve afforestation,ecological adaptation,poverty reduction,and regional economic development goals.Furthermore,mature technologies and specific implementation models are lacking._x000D__x000D_To address these challenges,this project conducted joint investigations and research,focusing on technology demonstrations,capacity building,and training.It has produced a range of findings and scientific reports.These reports delineate the spatiotemporal patterns and driving mechanisms of desertification in the key regions of the African Great Green Wall.The project has also developed a zoning map for land desertification prevention and control in these critical areas.Notably,it established a mechanical-biological integrated sand fixation technology system and key technologies,including the optimization of forest belt management and protection in Nigeria,as well as the enhancement of economic functions.Similarly,it explored ecological restoration and utilization of degraded grasslands in Ethiopia._x000D_The culmination of these efforts is the construction of a comprehensive prevention and control plan,encapsulating an optimized model for desertification control technology and sustainable livelihood management.The results of this study are poised to elevate the technical proficiency in land desertification control within the construction of Africa's"Great Green Wall,"thereby improving the quality of the regional ecological environment and stimulating economic and social development.

项目受资助省

新疆维吾尔自治区