This study examines the traditional villages of the Tujia and Miao ethnic groups in Xiangxi Prefecture, western Hunan, and clarifies their spatial distribution and residential cultures through ArcGIS-based spatial analysis combined with extensive field investigation. On the basis of a systematic comparative framework, it explores differences in village patterns, architectural forms, and folk belief systems between the two groups. The results indicate that (1) in terms of spatial distribution, Miao villages are mainly located to the south of the Wuling Mountains, while Tujia villages are concentrated to the north, with the mountainous ranges of Baojing and Guzhang counties forming a clear transitional belt; (2) regarding village layout, Miao villages are generally clustered with "mountain-backed and water-adjacent", whereas Tujia villages tend to adopt a more dispersed and defensive pattern than "mountain-anchored and water-distanced"; (3) in dwelling form, both groups share similar basic spatial organization, yet Miao dwellings exhibit greater diversity in construction materials, including timber, stone, and rammed earth; (4) in terms of belief and ritual, distinct folk practices and symbolic systems are embedded in the spatial organization and decorative features of each group's villages. These findings deepen the understanding of cultural diversity among ethnic minorities in western Hunan and provide a theoretical basis for authenticity-oriented conservation and the sustainable development of traditional villages in ethnic regions.

With the improvement of people's living standards, more people are concerned about the air quality and safety of residential cities, and the concept of healthy urban space is gradually becoming deeply rooted in people's hearts. This study is based on long and short term memory neural network algorithms, incorporating AMs into them. The research adjusts the data input to the algorithm according to spatiotemporal characteristics and incorporates a stack-type self-coding network into an improved long and short term memory neural network to predict the concentration of urban air pollutants. The air pollutant data of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan is used to test the model, and the test results are as follows: The index values of the mean absolute error and coefficient of determination of the intelligent prediction model with all improvement measures in the test set are 4.0 and 0.94, respectively, which is significantly better than the traditional and partially improved long and short term memory neural network. The algorithm model with complete improvement measures is selected for comparative experiments with other recurrent neural networks. This experimental result shows that the overall fluctuation amplitude of this model is the smallest under various test sample numbers. The mean absolute error and root-mean-square error on the whole test set are 6.7 and 9.2, respectively, which are and the memory consumption is also lower. The experimental data proves that this model, combined with an expert experience system, has the potential to be applied to urban air pollutant prediction and health risk assessment.

无论是新中国成立之初的土地改革,还是如今全面实施的乡村振兴战略,乡村建设一直是国民经济建设的关键问题之一。尤其是现阶段,强调城乡地位平等、城乡要素互动及城乡空间共融,标志着乡村发展已经到了关键时期。我国城镇化进程的加快,促进了乡村经济发展,但也打破了乡村以往的生产-生活-生态空间格局,给乡村的可持续发展带来极大挑战。近年来,国家及湖南省相关文件的出台及政策的制定,为湖南丘陵地区乡村发展提供良好的外部环境和发展动力,乡村整体面貌得到一定程度的改善。然而,该地区乡村发展依然面临着城乡发展二元化,自然生态空间过度被侵占、地域空间特征日趋消失、乡村文化难以传承、规划设计方法滞后等种种问题,亟需开展乡村规划地域适应性研究。基于此,本研究立足于转型时期乡村发展建设的现状问题,采用多学科交叉融合的研究方法,以湖南丘陵地区典型村落为研究样本,深入分析其边界与内部形态特征、布局形式、空间形态等,力求探索总结湖南丘陵地区乡村适应性的研究现状、理论脉络、及其规划设计方法。论文基本结构由四个部分八个章节组成。第一部分为现状研究,由第一章到第三章组成。第一章绪论部分论述了研究缘起、研究目的及意义,对国内外研究现状进行了综述,提出了研究内容、方法及框架。第二章阐述了主要概念与理论基础,简述国内外乡村规划相关理论研究,从适应性的基本概念、适应性理论的思想基础、适应性理论的发展、中国传统文化中的适应观、乡村规划适应性理论的核心内容等五个方面系统阐述了适应性理论,并结合论文研究需要,对相关理论进行了简要阐述。第三章总结了湖南丘陵地区乡村历史演变特征与规律,及对乡村适应性发展进行评价,以社会经济变迁为轨迹,结合对乡村产生重大影响的历史事件,从时间脉络探源新中国成立以前、集体经济时期、体制改革时期和文化复兴四个不同时期的乡村特征;借助层次分析法、主成分分析法,建立湖南丘陵地区乡村适应性发展现状评价体系,在文献资料及实地调研的基础上,结合评价体系和SPSS统计分析法,定量评价乡村适应性发展;多层次、全面地认识和分析研究区域乡村的发展现状。第二部分为理论分析与研究,由第四章到第七章组成。第四章探析湖南丘陵地区乡村边界和内部形态对地形的适应性,借助数理分析方法,从长宽比、形态指数、边界密实度、边缘宽度、建筑密度、公共空间斑块分维六个方面对典型乡村案例进行定量分析,进而总结乡村边界和内部形态对地形的适应性特征。第五章总结湖南丘陵地区乡村布局形式对气候的适应性类型和模式,借鉴图式语言,归纳总结乡村布局与方位、风环境、降雨环境的适应性模式;运用GIS和ANSYA软件分析甘棠村和兰溪村的方位、风环境、降雨环境,进一步验证乡村对气候的适应性。第六章研究湖南丘陵地区乡村空间形态对文化的适应性,运用空间句法理论与分析方法,从村域和公共空间两个层面定量分析物质空间形态特征;从空间领域、社会结构、社会活动三个层面,定量分析非物质空间形态特征;进而总结乡村宗教文化、宗族文化的适应性特征。第七章展开了湖南丘陵地区乡村规划适应性生成机制及路径的研究,从评估机制、内推机制、外拉机制、差异化机制四个方面归纳乡村规划适应性生成机制;阐述乡村规划地域适应性内容,总结乡村规划适应性的核心问题,提出并解读地域适应性模型;根据乡村发展面临的核心问题,尝试提出乡村规划地域适应性路径。第三部分为设计方法与策略研究,为论文的第八章。在前述研究内容的基础上,根据传统村落保护与传承、当代村落提质与重联、新建村落遵从与协同的适应性问题,从地形、气候及文化三个方面,提出相应的地域适应性规划设计方法。地形环境的适应性方法,包括传统村落自然基地的保护、当代村落居住环境的改善和新建村落地形环境的响应;对传统村落、当代村落、新建村落,提出相应的气候环境的适应性方法;空间文脉的适应性方法包括传统村落文化的保护途径、当代村落文化的传承路径和新建村落的文化回归。第四部分为结论部分。通过对全文的总结,提炼出研究的主要结论、主要创新点,阐述研究的不足,展望本课题研究方向。本文主要创新点如下:（1）揭示了湖南丘陵地区乡村演变过程规律与特征,并结合层次分析法、主成分分析法,尝试建立湖南丘陵地区乡村适应性发展现状评价体系;（2）通过数理计算方法、空间句法理论与方法,从定性和定量相结合的角度系统总结了湖南丘陵地区乡村地形、气候、文化的地域适应性特征。（3）初步提出湖南丘陵地区乡村规划地域适应性模型,并从地形环境、气候环境、空间文脉三个方面,尝试提出规划设计策略。

With the improvement of people's living standards and the change of sports values, fitness and leisure activities have increasingly attracted people's attention, and the public sports facility planning closely related to it has been highly concerned by the industry. In view of the diversified demand trend of urban sports facilities, we investigated and analyzed the public sports facilities in 17 streets in the central city of Yiyang city, conducted in-depth research and analysis by questionnaire survey, in-depth interview and GIS analysis, and put forward the selection and layout strategy of public sports facilities based on the needs of residents. The study found that the development of public sports facilities should be oriented to the needs of residents, meet the sports needs of different residents, and puts forward suggestions on the location and layout of public sports facilities. Through field investigation and analysis, it is found that the development of public sports facilities in the streets of Heshan District and Ziyang District of Yiyang City has the problems of single facility type and unreasonable layout, which do not match the needs of residents. Therefore, this paper proposes a bottom-up research method, which on the selection and spatial layout of public sports facilities. At the same time, the study also found that the location and layout of public sports facilities should take into account the age, income and education level of the residents, so as to meet the needs of different groups. Finally, this paper hopes to provide a new reference path for the future research on public sports, and to promote the sustainable development of urban public sports facilities.

人文因素与自然因素对民居建筑的演变发展产生了重要影响,人类所遵从的文化习俗与思想观念在人文因素中占据着主导地位。文章以湘西土家族传统民居平面形制为研究对象,探析文化习俗与思想观念在平面形制生成与演变过程中各自所起到的作

采用半结构访谈和扎根理论方法，以古丈县为案例地，通过融合个体空间路径分析该地区老年农户可持续生计机制。研究发现，面对快速城镇化带来的年轻劳动力外流和空心化，大量该地区乡村老年农户在养老多元福利供给不足、医养服务设施供应短缺和代际关系转型的现实背景下，面临乡村养老结构制约与老人农业理性选择的生计异质性困境。基于脱贫地区乡村社会网络优势在“健康”“参与”“保障”3个积极老龄化维度下，根据老年农户不同生命周期的主体行为需求差异，提出多层次年龄结构与多元化城乡要素双向流动下的老年农户可持续生计路径：1)在农户个体层面，根据老年农户的个体生计行为和生计资本随生命周期变化，动态调整相应的福利来源和生计方式；2)在场域空间层面，通过第六产业一体化发展的现代要素介入，建立应对老龄化的乡村市场产业配套；3)在地域空间层面，根据乡村老年农户社会圈层结构，重构生产、生活、生态适老化生计圈。

以中国知网为检索数据库，借助Python编程语言、SPSS和Cite Space分析工具对2000—2020年刊出的高频被引期刊文献关键词进行可视化分析。通过聚类谱系分类、内部网络结构和战略坐标定位等研究方法对近二十年中国乡村研究热点与前沿的内容框架与发展趋势进行梳理分析。最后，提出新时期下乡村研究亟需完善的问题，旨在为今后开展乡村研究提供新的思路。

本研究以湖南省花垣县洞冲村为例,通过引入乡村再生理念,从文化留存困境、配套设施困境、场地建设困境三个方面对乡村建筑更新过程中存在的问题进行剖析,探索基于乡村再生理念的乡村建筑如何从传承与创新两方面构建乡村建筑的适应性更

高校集聚区是影响城市发展的重要因素,为快速精准识别城市高校集聚区功能,以长沙市岳麓区为例,基于GB50137-2011《城市用地分类与规划建设用地标准》对POI数据进行重新分类,并选取建筑一般面积和公众认知度作为POI数据的权重因子进行加