Cellular and Molecular Biology
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1.ALS/FTLD-Linked Mutations in FUS Glycine Residues Cause Accelerated Gelation and Reduced Interactions with Wild-Type FUS (vol 80, pg 666.e1, 2020)
2.Asymmetric Histone Inheritance in Asymmetrically Dividing Stem Cells
- 关键词:
- SISTER-CHROMATID SEGREGATION; DNA-REPLICATION; EPIGENETIC INHERITANCE;NU-BODIES; PCNA; CENTROSOME; CHAPERONE; CORE; CHROMOSOMES; MECHANISMS
Epigenetic mechanisms play essential roles in determining distinct cell fates during the development of multicellular organisms. Histone proteins represent crucial epigenetic components that help specify cell identities. Previous work has demonstrated that during the asymmetric cell division of Drosophila male germline stem cells (GSCs), histones H3 and H4 are asymmetrically inherited, such that pre-existing (old) histories are segregated towards the self-renewing GSC whereas newly synthesized (new) histones are enriched towards the differentiating daughter cell. In order to further understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this striking phenomenon, two key questions must be answered: when and how old and new histones are differentially incorporated by sister chromatids, and how epigenetically distinct sister chrometids are specifically recognized and segregated. Here, we discuss recent advances our under standing of the molecular mechanisms and cellular bases underlying these fund - one important biological processes responsible for generating two distinct cells through one cell division.
...3.Asymmetric Histone Inheritance in Asymmetrically Dividing Stem Cells
- 关键词:
- SISTER-CHROMATID SEGREGATION; DNA-REPLICATION; EPIGENETIC INHERITANCE;NU-BODIES; PCNA; CENTROSOME; CHAPERONE; CORE; CHROMOSOMES; MECHANISMS
Epigenetic mechanisms play essential roles in determining distinct cell fates during the development of multicellular organisms. Histone proteins represent crucial epigenetic components that help specify cell identities. Previous work has demonstrated that during the asymmetric cell division of Drosophila male germline stem cells (GSCs), histones H3 and H4 are asymmetrically inherited, such that pre-existing (old) histories are segregated towards the self-renewing GSC whereas newly synthesized (new) histones are enriched towards the differentiating daughter cell. In order to further understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this striking phenomenon, two key questions must be answered: when and how old and new histones are differentially incorporated by sister chromatids, and how epigenetically distinct sister chrometids are specifically recognized and segregated. Here, we discuss recent advances our under standing of the molecular mechanisms and cellular bases underlying these fund - one important biological processes responsible for generating two distinct cells through one cell division.
...4.m(5)C Goes Viral
- 关键词:
- MESSENGER-RNA
In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Courtney et al. (2019a) find that HIV-1 genomic RNA has much more m(5)C than cellular mRNA. Deleting the m5C "writer'' NSUN2 decreases HIV-1 m(5)C levels, promotes translation of the HIV-1 5' gag gene, and alters splicing at the A2 site.
...5.Regulation of Drosophila germline stem cells
- 关键词:
- SPERMATOGONIAL DEDIFFERENTIATION; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; HEPARAN-SULFATE;POLYCOMB; DIFFERENTIATION; MAINTENANCE; CENTROSOME; MECHANISMS;DIVISION; CYCLE
The asymmetric division of adult stem cells into one self-renewing stem cell and one differentiating cell is critical for maintaining homeostasis in many tissues. One paradigmatic model of this division is the Drosophila male and female germline stem cell, which provides two model systems not only sharing common features but also having distinct characteristics for studying asymmetric stem cell division in vivo. This asymmetric division is controlled by a combination of extrinsic signaling molecules and intrinsic factors that are either asymmetrically segregated or regulated differentially following division. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms guiding this asymmetric outcome, including extrinsic cues, intrinsic factors governing cell fate specification, and cell cycle control.
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