在线磁场激励对激光选区熔化零件各向异性和残余应力的影响机制及调控规律

项目来源

国家自然科学基金(NSFC)

项目主持人

魏青松

项目受资助机构

华中科技大学

项目编号

51775207

立项年度

2017

立项时间

未公开

项目级别

国家级

研究期限

未知 / 未知

受资助金额

60.00万元

学科

工程与材料科学-机械设计与制造-成形制造

学科代码

E-E05-E0508

基金类别

面上项目

关键词

增材制造 ; 残余应力 ; 激光选区熔化 ; 磁场 ; 各向异性 ; Additive manufacturing ; Selective laser melting ; Magnetic field ; Anisotropy ; Residual stress

参与者

陶明元;文世峰;蔡道生;李晶;韩昌骏;李伟;田健;杨益;王倩

参与机构

华中科技大学;华南理工大学;武汉科技大学

项目标书摘要:激光选区熔化(SLM)零件容易产生各向异性和残余应力的突出问题,成为制约SLM技术发展的主要瓶颈之一。本项目拟在SLM成形零件的同时引入可控磁场,利用电磁搅拌和加压作用调控熔池的凝固行为,抑制组织方向性生长,促使等轴晶化,从而改善各向异性;同时,利用磁力搅拌在熔池中产生强制对流,减缓凝固速度,降低熔池各部位温差,并利用磁场焦耳加热已固化零件,达到均化应力、减少裂纹的目的。项目围绕“在线磁场激励下SLM微熔池的冶金机制”和“磁场影响SLM零件内残余应力的本质及规律”两个科学问题,结合理论和试验方法揭示在线磁场激励下SLM微观组织及宏观性能演变规律,建立磁场和激光复合工艺对SLM微宏观性能的影响关系。研究有望在激光与磁场复合作用下的SLM冶金机理及其性能特征方面获得创新性成果,并为改善SLM零件的性能提供全新途径,具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。

Application Abstract: The parts fabricated by the selective laser melting(SLM)have outstanding problems including anisotropy and residual stress.These problems greatly hindered the application of SLM,and became the most prominent restriction on the progress of SLM technology.This proposal tends to add an online magnetic field to the SLM process,and uses the electromagnetic effects of stirring and pressing to change the solidification behaviors of melting pools during SLM process.It is expected to restrain the directional growth of microstructure and promote the equiaxed crystallization,then reduce the degree of anisotropy.Moreover,the magnetic stirring on the melting pools can produce a forced convection,which decreases the solidification speed and reduces the temperature gradient of melting pool.Besides,the Joule heat produced by magnetic fields acts on the solidified SLM parts,so that the goals of homogenization stress and crack suppression could be achieved.Two scientific issues of this study are the metallurgical mechanisms of melting pools in SLM under an online magnetic field,and the essence and regulation of residual stress for SLM parts affected by magnetic fields.Combining theoretical and experimental methods,the study will reveal the evolutions of microstructure and macroscopic properties of SLM parts,and establish the relationship between the magnetic,laser parameters and the micro-and macro-properties of SLM parts.The study is expected to achieve some innovative results on the metallurgical mechanism and property of SLM parts fabricated under a magnetic field,and to provide a new approach for improving the performance of SLM parts.Therefore,it has significant theoretical and engineering values.

项目受资助省

湖北省

项目结题报告(全文)

设计了在线磁场系统,对现有激光选区熔化(SLM)设备进行了改造形成了实验平台;模拟和实验研究了磁场与激光熔化复合增材新工艺。研究了稳恒磁场与激光熔化耦合数值模型,揭示了磁场对SLM熔池流动与传热传质的影响机理。优化了磁场下SLM成形GH3536镍基高温合金的工艺,探索了稳恒磁场对SLM成形GH3536微宏观性能的影响规律。定量表征了在磁场作用下其各向异性的变化程度,发现在0.3 T竖直方向稳恒磁场作用下,制件沿扫描和沉积方向的抗拉强度及延伸率各向异性程度分别减小了47.5%和55.3%。另外,研究了磁场下SLM成形AlSi7Mg合金的优化工艺,揭示了磁场强度对AlSi7Mg合金组织及性能的影响规律。发现在0.3 T水平方向稳恒磁场作用下,SLM制备AlSi7Mg合金的平均晶粒尺寸由8.35 μm 减小至7.22 μm,等轴晶所占比例由54%增加至68%,并分析和讨论了电磁力对熔池凝固以及晶粒细和等轴化的影响机制。发表论文16(第一标注12篇),授权发明专利2项、受理3项,培养博士后1人、博士生7人、硕士生7人,参加国内外会议并作报告5人次,大会特邀报告2次。研究为SLM制备合金的性能调控提供了新思路。

  • 排序方式:
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  • 1.Two-step heat treatment for laser powder bed fusion of a nickel-based superalloy with simultaneously enhanced tensile strength and ductility

    • 关键词:
    • Additive manufacturing; Laser powder bed fusion; Selective lasermelting; Nickel-based superalloys; Hot isostatic pressing; Heattreatment;MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION; LIQUATION CRACKING; BEHAVIOR; MECHANISM
    • Sun, Shanshan;Teng, Qing;Xie, Yin;Liu, Tong;Ma, Rui;Bai, Jie;Cai, Chao;Wei, Qingsong
    • 《ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING》
    • 2021年
    • 46卷
    • 期刊

    Nickel-based superalloys show severe cracking tendency during laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), which hinders their widespread applications in aerospace. A two-step heat treatment, including hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and solid solution heat treatment (SSHT), was proposed to obtain crack-free LPBF nickel-based superalloy components with a supersaturated solid solution of alloying elements for desirable mechanical performance. The HIP process aimed to annihilate microcracks, and the subsequent SSHT focused on modifying the microstructure and improving the solid solution extent of alloying elements. The pore-and-microcrack-containing defects with a volume fraction of 0.96% in the LPBF samples were transformed to pore-dominated defects with a volume fraction of 0.08% after the HIP process. After the SSHT, it was not observed the reappearance of the previously coalesced microcracks, but the porosity volume fraction showed a slight rebound to 0.11% due to the coarsening or regrowth of the pores. The tensile strength and elongation at break of HIP + SSHT samples printed along the horizontal plane at room temperature were 3.6% and 113.5% higher than those of as-fabricated ones. An 11.9% and 410.0% improvement in tensile strength and ductility at 900 degrees C was achieved after the two-step treatment. The development of the microstructure after the HIP and SSHT, involving sub-grains, dislocation networks, carbide precipitates, and grains, was revealed systematically. The correlation between the microstructure and tensile properties was unveiled in depth. This work is anticipated to provide an efficient route with excellent industrial applicability for LPBF superalloy components to mitigate microcracks and acquire attractive mechanical properties.

    ...
  • 2.多场调控金属激光增材制造研究现状与展望

    • 关键词:
    • 激光技术;激光增材制造;光束整形;磁场;热场;超声场
    • 高海瑞;李继康;张振武;郑可盈;向泓澔;魏青松
    • 《中国激光》
    • 2024年
    • 期刊

    激光增材制造可实现高性能金属复杂构件整体化成形,在航空航天、汽车、医疗等领域具有广阔应用前景。但是,高斯激光作用产生不均匀温度场、极高的温度梯度以及不稳定的流场,导致飞溅、球化、匙孔、残余应力和裂纹等缺陷及各向异性的微宏观性能,影响了该技术更广泛的应用。光束整形和场辅助原位调控激光增材制造过程是控制缺陷产生的有效方法。本文综述了国内外在光束整形、热、磁和超声多场调控金属激光增材制造的研究进展,重点揭示外场-激光-材料-组织-性能间的作用机理,并对多场调控金属激光增材制造未来发展进行了展望,可为金属激光增材制造的高性能调控提供有益参考。

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  • 3.吸热墨水喷射3D打印实验平台研制与自制墨水打印试验研究

    • 关键词:
    • 吸热墨水喷射 3D打印 高分子 基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51775207); 武汉市科技(202001062012037)资助项目; 专辑:信息科技 专题:计算机软件及计算机应用 分类号:TP391.73 中国知网独家网络首发,未经许可,禁止转载、摘编。 手机阅读
    • 孙江涛;张净凯;程坦;范志永;叶春生;蔡道生;魏青松
    • 2023年
    • 期刊

    基于吸热墨水喷射3D打印原理设计开发了实验平台,主要包括机械运动系统、喷头与供墨系统、粉床加热系统以及控制与软件系统,共四个子系统。实验平台能够对粉末床预热温度、移动加热灯功率与速度、喷墨密度等工艺过程参数进行控制,并借助红外热像仪能够实时监测粉床温度分布。在此基础之上,用商业水性黑色染料墨水与自制炭黑墨水进行了单层打印实验,发现在移动加热灯照射功率1 500 W、累计照射时间为25 s时,使用自制墨水用于打印可使成形区与非成形温度差达到46℃,而使用商业墨水的温度差为7.1℃,说明自制炭黑墨水能够显著增强高分子粉末吸收红外辐射能量的能力。该吸热墨水喷射3D打印实验平台可为新材料开发和新工艺探索提供开放式平台,并为其他类型3D打印实验平台的自主开发提供有益借鉴。

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  • 4.In-situ experiment tests and particulate simulations on powder paving process of additive manufacturing

    • 关键词:
    • Additive;manufacturing;Powder;paving;Packing;quality;Powder;bed;Inclination;angle;In-situ;measurement
    • Tan Cheng;Hui Chen;Qing Teng;Qingsong Wei
    • 《颗粒学报:英文版》
    • 2023年
    • 3期
    • 期刊

    In this work,in-situ experimental tests are first performed to investigate the powder spreading process of additive manufacturing,where different kinds of scrapers and spreading speeds are employed.Detailed kinetic be

    ...
  • 5.Microstructure, tensile and tribological properties of Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy fabricated by selective laser melting

    • 关键词:
    • Copper alloys;Electrons;Friction;Grain boundaries;High strength alloys;Melting;Nickel alloys;Precipitation (chemical);Rapid solidification;Scanning electron microscopy ;Segregation (metallography);Tensile strength;Ternary alloys;Tin alloys;Transmission electron microscopy;Tribology;Wear of materials;Wear resistance;Casting process;Cu-15ni-8sn alloy;Macrosegregations;matrix;Microstructures properties;Optical microscopes;Selective laser melting;Sn contents;Tribological properties;X ray diffractometers
    • Li, Ji-Kang;Zhang, Jing-Kai;Zhang, Zhen-Wu;Li, Wei;Wei, Qing-Song
    • 《Zhongguo Youse Jinshu Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals》
    • 2023年
    • 33卷
    • 2期
    • 期刊

    The Sn macro-segregation is easy to produce in the traditional casting process for Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy with high Sn content, which reduces the mechanical properties. In order to reduce the segregation, the alloy was fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM). The microstructure, tensile and tribological properties were investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), field emission transmission electron microscope (TEM) and laser confocal microscope. The results indicate that Sn segregation is inhibited at the micron level due to the rapid solidification, and a large amount of Sn atoms are dissolved into the matrix. The grains are also refined to about 2.13 μm. The microstructure is composed of Sn-depleted α-Cu(Ni, Sn) matrix and Sn-rich γ - (CuxNi1−x)3Sn precipitates. The diameter of γ particles is about 0.2 μm. The samples have excellent strength and toughness, with the ultimate tensile strength of (572.99±11.07) MPa and the elongation at break of (12.36±1.66)% . The high strength of SLM-fabricated Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy is due to the contribution of the grain boundary strengthening, solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening and dislocation strengthening. The coefficient of friction is 0.5032, and abrasive wear is the dominant wear mechanism, leading to excellent wear resistance. © 2023 Central South University of Technology. All rights reserved.

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  • 6.激光选区熔化CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金成形工艺优化及性能表征

    • 关键词:
    • 增材制造;激光选区熔化;CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金;力学性能;微观组织
    • 王福超
    • 指导老师:华中科技大学 魏青松
    • 学位论文

    高熵合金由于其单一固溶体结构,具有高强度、高硬度及良好的热稳定性、抗疲劳性、耐蚀性和耐氧化性等优异性能,在航空航天、模具、刀具、耐腐涂层、耐火材料等领域具有重要应用潜力。传统高熵合金制备工艺主要集中在真空熔炼浇铸、粉末冶金、机械合金化等方法,此类工艺制备所得合金尺寸小、形状简单,存在气孔、夹杂及成分偏析等问题,对工业复杂零件制造无较好解决方法。激光选区熔化(Selective Laser Melting,SLM)是目前成形精度最高并兼具优良力学性能的金属增材制造工艺。利用SLM方法制造复杂结构、整体结构和个性化结构金属零件已获得大量应用,但SLM成形高熵合金的研究尚处于初始阶段。CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金为高熵合金中研究最成熟的合金体系,相结构稳定,具有高强度、硬度和良好耐腐蚀性、延展性和机械加工性。本文以CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金预合金化粉末作为研究材料,研究SLM成形工艺窗口,系统研究工艺参数对SLM成形CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金的相组成、微观组织和力学性能的影响规律,为SLM成形复杂高熵合金零件奠定理论和技术基础。主要结论如下:(1)研究了激光工艺参数对熔覆道、单层表面质量的影响规律。熔覆道宽度随激光功率增大或扫描速度减小而增大,高度随激光功率增大或扫描速度减小而减小。在扫描功率200 W-250 W、扫描速度1100 mm/s-1300 mm/s范围内,熔覆道表面平整连续无球化,宽度约100μm,高度约26μm。主要由于该工艺区间内熔池温度与凝固时间适中,有利于熔覆道铺展,降低球化现象。单层表面粗糙度随扫描间距增大而增大,主要因为扫面间距增加导致熔覆道分离,增大表面粗糙度。在扫描间距为0.07mm时,单层表面质量最优,粗糙度Ra为6.107μm。(2)优化SLM成形CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金的工艺参数。在铺粉层厚30μm、激光扫描功率225 W、扫描速度1300 mm/s、扫描间距0.07mm工艺参数下,试样致密度最高为98.69%(7.95±0.028g/cm~3)。低功率下致密度较低,主要由于低功率下能量密度低,不能充分熔化粉末,使合金内存在裂纹、孔洞与未熔金属颗粒缺陷。高功率下致密度同样较低,主要由于高功率下能量密度较高,成形时造成球化、飞溅及表面翘曲,进而影响致密度。(3)由XRD结果可知SLM成形CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金主要相为面心立方(FCC)Fe2Ni2,另有部分CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金中少量析出富Cr元素结构为体心立方(BCC)的CrFe型σ相,主要成因为熔池温度较高导致合金产生相变。在不同成形方向上微观组织存在各向异性:沿激光扫描平面(XY面),内部以柱状晶和胞状晶为主,柱状晶长约30μm,晶间间距小于1μm;沿成形高度方向(Z面)呈“鱼鳞”状,内部以柱状晶为主,长度最大达100μm左右,单个晶粒穿越多层熔覆道,表现出外延生长特征。通过EDS结果表明高熵合金各成形面各元素分布均匀,无明显元素偏析。(4)优化工艺参数下SLM成形的CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金力学性能超过铸态CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金,与锻制高熵合金力学性能相近。SLM成形的CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金的屈服强度为418.62±27.72 MPa,较铸态提升了126.52%;拉伸强度为641.65±5.76 MPa,较铸态合金提升43.45%;硬度为284.07±5.33HV,较铸态CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金提升49.51%;断裂伸长率为16.70±1.0%,较铸态大幅降低。拉伸断口呈现脆性断裂与韧性断裂的混合断裂特征,以脆性断裂为主。SLM成形使合金CoCrFeNiMn高熵合金晶粒细小致密且无成分偏析,其细晶强化作用可提高强度、硬度等性能,合金基体中孔洞、裂纹等缺陷在应力加载下易扩大撕裂,在拉伸断口形成河流状解理花纹,导致断裂伸长率较低。

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  • 7.热等静压温度对激光选区熔化成形GH3536裂纹和组织性能的影响

    • 关键词:
    • 激光选区熔化 GH3536 热等静压 显微组织 拉伸性能 基金资助:国家科技重大专项(2017-Ⅵ-0009-0080); 国家自然科学基金(51775207)资助项目; 专辑:工程科技Ⅱ辑 工程科技Ⅰ辑 专题:金属学及金属工艺 分类号:TG665TG132.3 手机阅读
    • 谢寅;滕庆;孙闪闪;程坦;白洁;马瑞;蔡超;魏青松
    • 期刊

    利用激光选区熔化(Selective laser melting,SLM)技术制备了GH3536镍基高温合金,研究了不同热等静压(Hot isostatic pressing,HIP)温度对SLM成形GH3536合金裂纹和组织性能的影响。利用X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、扫描电镜(Scanning electron microscope,SEM)、电子背散射衍射(Electron backscatter diffraction,EBSD)、电子探针显微分析仪(Electron probe microanalyzer,EPMA)等方式表征了GH3536相组成和组织演变,利用高温持久性能试验机测试合金室温和高温拉伸性能。结果表明:经HIP后,SLM成形GH3536合金相组成保持不变,均为γ相,但晶格常数降低,且随着HIP温度的升高而降低。SLM态合金中存在10~100μm的微裂纹和气孔缺陷,微裂纹主要存在于熔池边界。经HIP后,合金中微裂纹完全消除,但仍存在少量孔洞。GH3536合金经高温高压处理后,晶粒尺寸增大,抗拉强度有所降低。其中SLM态试样室温抗拉强度和伸长率分别为871 MPa和26.2%,HIP处理后伸长率最高提升13.7%,强度降低13.0%。900℃下SLM态试样抗拉强度和伸长率分别为247 MPa和5.7%,HIP处理后伸长率最高提升13.4%,强度降低10.1%。

    ...
  • 8.激光选区熔化单道熔池热动态演变模拟与实验研究

    • 关键词:
    • 激光选区熔化;模拟与实验;VOF多相流;反冲压力;熔池演变;高斯激光;平顶激光
    • 袁伟豪
    • 指导老师:华中科技大学 魏青松
    • 学位论文

    在激光选区熔化(Selective Laser Melting,SLM)过程中,熔池的物理冶金行为对成形零件的性能具有重要影响。但是,由于熔池处于高速运动变化,采用实验实时观测熔池热动态演变较为困难,同时采用实验“试错法”表征成本高,不确定性大。因此,数值模拟成了揭示SLM熔池行为和特征的重要技术途径。本论文旨在通过模拟与实验相结合的方法,探究SLM工艺因素对熔池热动态演变的影响规律,为理解SLM冶金机理和优化其工艺提供理论依据。主要工作及结果如下。建模方面,采用离散元和计算流体力学的方法建立了SLM金属粉床模型和熔池物理模型,利用“射线-追踪”算法施加反冲压力和激光热源,使用流体体积(Volume of Fluid,VOF)法计算气液界面及其变化。另外,反冲压力和激光热源的施加基于“射线-追踪”算法。首先研究了激光扫描速度对熔池热动态演变的影响。根据熔池的温度演变、流动形式以及凝固后的熔池表面形貌(连续性、均匀性)和缺陷(球化、气孔)的形成,将熔池分为非稳态、过渡态和稳态三种状态;讨论了不同状态的熔池的演变规律及对成形块体致密度的影响。此外,发现反冲压力的存在对块体致密度的影响具有双重效果:既可以平衡表面张力,稳定熔池;也可能引发匙孔,导致孔隙缺陷。针对反冲压力的双重性,特别研究了其随工艺参数变化及其对熔池特征的影响。发现当激光线能量密度为定值时,扫描速度越大熔池凹陷越深,且决定了熔池的尺寸;当扫描速度为定值时,激光功率越大熔池凹陷越深,但对熔化道的宽度影响不大。熔池凹陷深度随时间在一定范围内波动,工艺参数的选择应保证熔池凹陷深度波动范围最小,并使凹陷深度尽可能小。另外研究了不同激光形式(高斯光和平顶光)对熔池演变的影响。发现平顶激光作用下,粉末从顶部开始熔化,熔体会出现球化倾向,基板的及时熔化会连接球状熔体形成均匀平坦的熔池。另外讨论了两种激光对定向晶成形的影响,发现高斯激光熔池内部熔体流速大,存在多个复杂环流;而平顶激光下,熔池横截面下半部分的熔体流速小于0.2m/s,且没有环流,更有利于晶粒连续、定向的外延生长。

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  • 9.激光选区熔化成形镍基高温合金组织与性能研究

    • 魏青松;李帅;腾庆;文世峰;史玉升
    • 《特种加工技术智能化与精密化——第17届全国特种加工学术会议》
    • 中国广东广州
    • 会议

    确定了Ni625合金SLM工艺窗口,发现SLM亚晶粒尺寸与激光功率具有正比例关系;SLM态基体为γ相,伴有微量MC碳化物和γ″相析出;经热处理后MC碳化物析出增加,晶格畸变程度减小,产生"弯曲晶界"效应。研究发现SLM成形Ni625合金组织内存在微小裂纹,尺度不超过100μm,在快速凝固过程中Nb、Mo元素局部偏析形成(γ+Laves)共晶凝固是裂纹形成内因,高温度梯度导致较高的热残余应力则是相应的外因;当预热300℃时残余应力降低超过50%;合金表现处高强度、低塑性特点,强度达1135±112.88MPa,超过ASTM标准30%以上。研究发现SLM镍基织构呈现典型{100}<001>型立方织构;采用均匀光斑获得的熔池宽深比远大于高斯激光模式,熔池内对流强度弱于高斯光斑;高斯光斑区外延单晶区只有0.5mm,均匀光斑区单晶外延达4mm;高斯光斑组织晶粒细化作用占主导,400℃以下服役硬度高,超过400℃后均匀光斑的组织晶界少硬度更高。研究发现SLM成形的Ni718镍基合金组织包括γ基体、Laves相及部分γ"相,高温拉伸时呈"中心撕裂"和"X型开裂"形式失效;标准热处理后抗拉强度超过1430MPa,超过锻件标准近150MPa,650℃拉伸强度超过1100MPa,超过锻件标准近100MPa,且具有更优的断裂延伸率;SLM态的热腐蚀失重速率远大于热处理状态,腐蚀生成物包括Cr2O3、NiO、Fe4O3及Ni2S,分析得出Na2SO4释放氧和硫形成的S-O联合腐蚀体逐步向材料内部扩展是SLM态Ni718合金腐蚀的根本原因。研究重点分析和讨论了SLM成形镍基高温合金的微宏观性能特点及存在的问题,为其在航空航天等领域的实际应用提供初步的理论参考。

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  • 10.Simultaneously enhanced strength and ductility of AlSi7Mg alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion with on-line static magnetic field

    • 关键词:
    • Fabrication;Magnesium compounds;Magnetic field effects;Silicon;Silicon alloys;Silicon compounds;Tensile strength;Textures;Columnar-to-equiaxed transition;Defect microstructure;Laser powder bed fusion;Laser powders;Magnetic-field intensity;Microstructures and mechanical properties;Powder bed;Static magnetic fields;Strength and ductilities;Thermoelectric magnetic forces
    • Zhang, Zhenyu;Li, Jikang;Cheng, Tan;Teng, Qing;Xie, Yin;Wei, Yu;Li, Wei;Wei, Qingsong
    • 《Virtual and Physical Prototyping》
    • 2023年
    • 18卷
    • 1期
    • 期刊

    This work studied the effects of an on-line static magnetic field on the defects, microstructures, and mechanical properties of AlSi7Mg samples fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Process experiments were carried out on a self-developed LPBF equipment with an on-line static magnetic field generating system, where magnetic field intensity was adjustable from 0 to 0.3 T. With the action of static magnetic field, the relative density of samples increased from 96.9% to 98.6%. Furthermore, the solidification front of the columnar grain in the mushy zone was broken. With the increase of magnetic field intensity, the crystallographic orientation changed from strong <001> to <001>, <101> and <111> uniform distribution and the average grain was gradually refined from 8.35 to 7.22 μm. Based on the above optimisation, the ultimate tensile strength increased from (326.67 ± 5.31) MPa to (382.00 ± 2.45) MPa. Simultaneously, the elongation at break increased from 8.48% ± 0.20% to 11.78% ± 0.20%. In general, the reduction of pores, the refinement of grains and the increase of Mg2Si precipitates contributed to the simultaneous enhancement of strength and toughness together. This study could provide a new idea for laser additive manufacturing of excellent performance aluminum alloys.
    © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

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