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侏罗—白垩系覆岩采动主控裂隙演化及突水机理

项目来源

国家自然科学基金(NSFC)

项目主持人

乔伟

项目受资助机构

中国矿业大学

立项年度

2017

立项时间

未公开

项目编号

41772302

项目级别

国家级

研究期限

未知 / 未知

受资助金额

68.00万元

学科

地球科学-环境地球科学-工程地质环境与灾害

学科代码

D-D07-D0705

基金类别

面上项目

关键词

灾害 ; 渗流演化 ; 侏罗—白垩系覆岩 ; 突水机理 ; 主控裂隙 ; Jurassic and Cretaceous overlying strata ; master fracture ; mechanism of water inrush ; flow evolution ; disaster

参与者

李文平；于庆；王启庆；贺江辉；刘瑜；雷利剑；牛云飞

参与机构

中国矿业大学；安徽理工大学；东南大学

项目标书摘要：我国西北侏罗系厚及特厚煤层覆岩具有弱胶结的特点，高强度开采引发工作面强烈矿山压力显现并伴随高位的白垩系巨厚(200-500m)、高压(3-5MPa)含水层大流量(大于1000m3/h)涌突水。分析表明此类矿井水害是受主控裂隙(横向离层裂隙和纵向主导水裂隙)演化所控制的灾害。本课题以黄陇、东胜煤田典型矿井为例，围绕“采动主控裂隙演化及其突水机理”这一科学问题，研究煤层侏罗—白垩系覆岩空间赋存及工程地质性质；通过物理和数值模拟等，再现主控裂隙演化过程与致灾类型；从导水裂隙带高度预测、采动岩层渗流破断规律、加卸载和高水压下的裂隙岩石渗流特性以及采动裂隙渗流时间效应方面，揭示侏罗—白垩系覆岩采动主控裂隙突水及其渗透性时效演变内在机理，并建立采动覆岩渗流模型。研究提出采动主控裂隙突水预测预报理论方法和防控技术措施，为我国西北大型煤炭开采水害防治、水资源保护和优化产能布局提供基础科学依据。

Application Abstract: The overlying strata of Jurassic thick or extremely thick coal seam is weakly consolidated in northwest China.The high-strength coal mining induces tremendous mine rock pressure and water inrush with large flow greater than 1000m3/h from Cretaceous aquifer with huge thickness(200-500m)and high water pressure(3-5MPa).The analysis results indicate that the water inrush disaster is controlled by the evolution of master fractures,which consist of transverse separation layer fractures and vertical main water-flowing fractures.Taking typical collieries of Huanglong and Dongsheng mine area as an example,centering on the issue of"evolution and water inrush mechanism of master fractures",this project studies the spatial occurrence and engineering geological properties of Jurassic and Cretaceous overlying strata.The evolutionary process and geological hazard pattern of master fractures will be revealed by physical and numerical simulation.The study on the evolution of seepage characteristic of master fractures in the mining overlying strata will be carried out in the aspects of height forecast of water-flowing fractured zone,rules of mining rock seepage breaking,fracture seepage characteristics of rock in loading and unloading test or with high water pressure,time effect test of mining fissure seepage,etc.And the study will establish the seepage model of the mining Jurassic and Cretaceous overlying strata in order to reveal the permeability evolution and water inrush mechanism of master fractures in the mining overlying strata under liquid-solid coupling effect.The forecast theory and control technology of water inrush due to master fractures in the mining overlying strata are put forward.It provide scientific basis for disaster prevention due to large scale coal mining involving water hazard control,water resources protection and capacity layout optimizing in Northwest China.

项目受资助省

江苏省

项目结题报告(全文)

随着我国西北侏罗系厚及特厚煤层的开采，出现一类较为复杂的灾害，主要表现为工作面强烈的矿山压力显现伴随高位白垩系含水层大流量涌突水，突水瞬时量大、衰减较快，且具有周期性特征等。本项目围绕此类问题，以鄂尔多斯煤盆地西南缘的彬长矿区和永陇矿区典型矿井为例，开展了白垩系巨厚、高压含水层和侏罗系软弱泥质顶板覆岩岩体结构、水岩接触类型研究，构建了采动工程地质孕灾模型。通过数值模拟、物理模拟和试验方法，结合现场观测数据，揭示了煤层采动覆岩结构、主控裂隙演化机制，获得了岩体主控裂隙、覆岩大结构、基本顶断裂和矿山压力显现之间的相互关系，进而揭示了老顶—亚关键层断裂、矿山压力显现、主控裂隙、涌突水量、充水含水层水位之间的联动机制；通过室内试验和现场实测，构建了主控裂隙—网络裂隙岩体渗流模型，揭示了侏罗—白垩系覆岩采动破断和主控裂隙控制下的渗流特性机制，阐述了强渗透压—岩体破断—矿压—涌水过程，预计了工作面开采过程中的动态涌水量，揭示了采动主控裂隙突水的突(涌)水机理及其时效性演化内在机理；最终研发了侏罗—白垩系覆岩采动主控裂隙突水预测预报方法和防控关键技术，并在研究区成功实施。

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  • 1.In Situ Monitoring and Predicting the Height of Water-Conducting Fractured Zone of Jurassic Coal Seam in Northwestern China

    • 关键词：
    • Fracture mechanics;Jurassic;Zinc mines;Coal seams;In-situ monitoring;Jurassic;Jurassic coal seam;Multi-factor;Northwest regions;Northwestern China;Overburden structures;Prediction methods;Water-conducting fractured zones
    • Qiao, Wei;Liu, Mengnan;Li, Wenping;Wang, Qiqing;Cheng, Xianggang;Li, Xiaoqin
    • 《14th International Association for Engineering Geology and the Environment, IAEG 2023》
    • 2024年
    • September 21, 2023 - September 27, 2023
    • Chengdu, China
    • 会议

    The assessment of the water-conducting fractured zone (HWFZ) holds significant implications for both environmental preservation and engineering safety within mining operations. To investigate the HWFZ of Cuimu coal mine, comprehensive in situ monitoring procedures were implemented, including water leakage tests and borehole video camera inspections to evaluate the overburden fracturing zone. A dataset comprising 26 sample sets collected from various mines in the northwest region was utilized to develop a multi-factor regression model, incorporating parameters such as mining height, working face width, and buried depth. Additionally, machine learning techniques were employed to enhance the predictive accuracy of the HWFZ. Subsequent analysis aimed to elucidate the inadequacy of traditional empirical formulas in predicting the HWFZ of Jurassic coal mines in the northwest region. Factors such as the sedimentary environment of the Ordos basin, the rate of quality drilling (RQD) of drilled core samples, and the characteristics of overburden structure were thoroughly examined. A bespoke strata subsidence model was then constructed to unravel the underlying mechanisms governing the evolution of the HWFZ. Findings underscored the efficacy of the proposed multi-factor regression formula and machine learning models in accurately forecasting the HWFZ within northwest mines. Notably, the stable sedimentary environment of the Jurassic coal seam contributed to higher RQD values and improved strata continuity compared to the Carboniferous coal seam. Insights from the strata subsidence model highlighted the significant impact of residual bulging coefficient on the HWFZ, offering explanations for discrepancies between measured and predicted HWFZ values based on traditional empirical formulas. This comprehensive investigation contributes to the precise prediction and enhanced understanding of the HWFZ within Jurassic coal seams in northwestern China. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

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