针对复杂多变条件下大江大河流量在线监测技术、高寒高海拔恶劣环境下的河流湖泊水文要素在线监测技术、声学多普勒流速剖面仪检验测试技术与方法等关键技术问题，项目在理论研究方面，深入分析代表性流速指标分布规律，开展了天然河道粒子图像测速试验和多方法流速流量测验比对试验，反演了湖泊面积动态变化，分析了湖泊水量均衡项。在装备研制方面，攻克大江大河流量在线监测方面的关键技术，完成超声波无线时差法流量在线监测技术与新型装备样机的研制，形成定点式声学多普勒流量在线监测技术与新型装备样机、UHF雷达流量在线监测技术与新型装备样机、图像法流量在线监测技术与新型装备样机和K波段雷达一体化流量在线监测技术与新型装备样机的研制。针对高寒高海拔特殊环境，完成雨雪量计、蒸渗仪及双频冰厚雷达关键部件和样机的研制。利用自主搭建的高精度拖曳水槽流速装置，测试了声学多普勒流速仪在不同速度下的流速示值误差，提出声学多普勒流速仪检验测试方法。在装备集成技术与示范应用方面，初步完成表面矢量流场非接触式流量在线监测装备系统集成，并在仙桃水文站进行前期比测数据信息分析。针对适用于高寒高海拔地区的降水、地表蒸散发测量仪器，开展了监测装备的集成，实现了在线监测，通过现场的对比观测试验，形成了一套能够高效在线监测高寒山区水文循环的技术框架，建立示范基地。Aiming at the key technical problems such as the on-line monitoring technology of the flow of large rivers and rivers under complex and changeable conditions,the on-line monitoring technology of the hydrological elements of rivers and lakes under the harsh environment of high cold and high altitude,the inspection and testing technology and method of the acoustic Doppler velocity profiler,etc.,in the theoretical research aspect of the project,in-depth analysis of the distribution law of the representative velocity indexes,and the particle image velocimetry test of the natural river channel was carried out Compared with the multi method velocity and discharge test,the dynamic change of Lake area is inverted,and the water balance term is analyzed.In the aspect of equipment development,we have conquered the key technologies of on-line flow monitoring of big rivers and rivers,completed the development of on-line flow monitoring technology of ultrasonic wireless time difference method and new equipment prototype,formed the fixed-point acoustic Doppler flow on-line monitoring technology and new equipment prototype,UHF reida flow on-line monitoring technology and new equipment prototype,and image flow on-line monitoring technology and new model Equipment prototype and K-band radar integrated flow online monitoring technology and development of new equipment prototype.In view of the special environment of high cold and high altitude,the key components and prototype of rain and snow meter,Lysimeter and dual frequency ice thickness radar have been developed.Using the self built high-precision velocity device of towing flume,the velocity indication error of the acoustic Doppler current meter at different speeds is tested,and the inspection and test method of the acoustic Doppler current meter is proposed.In the aspect of equipment integration technology and demonstration application,the system integration of non-contact on-line flow monitoring equipment for surface vector flow field is preliminarily completed,and the preliminary comparison and measurement data information analysis is carried out in Xiantao hydrological station.Aiming at the measuring instruments of precipitation and surface evapotranspiration which are suitable for high altitude and cold area,the integration of monitoring equipment is carried out,and online monitoring is realized.Through the field comparative observation test,a set of technical framework which can effectiv

针对复杂多变条件下大江大河流量在线监测技术、高寒高海拔恶劣环境下的河流湖泊水文要素在线监测技术、声学多普勒流速剖面仪检验测试技术与方法等关键技术问题，报告在理论研究方面，深入分析代表性流速指标分布规律，开展了天然河道粒子图像测速试验和多方法流速流量测验比对试验，反演了湖泊面积动态变化，分析了湖泊水量均衡项。在装备研制方面，攻克大江大河流量在线监测方面的关键技术，完成超声波无线时差法流量在线监测技术与新型装备关键部件和样机的研制，形成定点式声学多普勒流量在线监测技术与新型装备样机、UHF雷达流量在线监测技术与新型装备实验室样机、图像法流量在线监测技术与新型装备样机和K波段雷达一体化流量在线监测技术与新型装备关键部件和原理样机的研制。针对高寒高海拔特殊环境，完成雨雪量计、蒸渗仪及双频冰厚雷达关键部件和样机的研制。利用自主搭建的高精度拖曳水槽流速装置，测试了声学多普勒流速仪在不同速度下的流速示值误差，提出声学多普勒流速仪检验测试方法。在装备集成技术与示范应用方面，初步完成表面矢量流场非接触式流量在线监测装备系统集成，并在仙桃水文站进行前期比测数据信息分析。针对适用于高寒高海拔地区的降水、地表蒸散发测量仪器，开展了监测装备的集成，实现了在线监测，通过现场的对比观测试验，形成了一套能够高效在线监测高寒山区水文循环的技术框架，建立示范基地。Aiming at the key technical problems such as on-line monitoring technology for large rivers and rivers under complex and changeable conditions,on-line monitoring technology for hydrological elements of rivers and lakes in harsh environment of high altitude and cold,and testing technology and method for acoustic Doppler velocity profiler,the project has carried out particle image velocimetry experiment in natural rivers by thoroughly analyzing the distribution law of representative velocity indices in theoretical research.The dynamic change of Lake area was inverted and the water balance term was analyzed by comparing the experiment with multi-method flow velocity and discharge measurement.In terms of equipment development,the key technologies of on-line monitoring of large rivers and rivers are tackled,and the on-line monitoring technology of ultrasonic wireless time difference method and the development of key components and prototypes of new equipment are completed.Fixed-point acoustic Doppler flow on-line monitoring technology and new equipment prototype,UHF radar flow on-line monitoring technology and new equipment laboratory prototype,image flow method are formed.On-line monitoring technology and the development of new equipment prototype and K-band radar integrated flow on-line monitoring technology and key components and principle prototype of new equipment.Aiming at the special environment of cold and high altitude,the key components and prototype of rain and snow gauge,evaporator and dual-frequency ice thickness radar were developed.The flow velocity error of acoustic Doppler velocimeter at different velocities was measured by using the self-built high-precision towed flume velocity device.The test method of acoustic Doppler velocimeter was proposed.In terms of equipment integration technology and demonstration application,the system integration of non-contact flow on-line monitoring equipment for surface vector flow field has been preliminarily completed,and the preliminary comparative data information analysis has been carried out at Xiantao Hydrological Station.Aiming at the precipitation and surface evapotranspiration measuring instruments suitable for alpine and high altitude areas,the integration of monitoring equipment is carried out,and online monitoring is realized.