项目来源

国家重点研发计划(NKRD)

项目主持人

艾应伟

项目受资助机构

西南交通大学

项目编号

2017YFC0504901

立项年度

2017

立项时间

未公开

研究期限

未知 / 未知

项目级别

国家级

受资助金额

468.00万元

学科

典型脆弱生态修复与保护研究

学科代码

未公开

基金类别

“典型脆弱生态修复与保护研究”重点专项

关键词

强降雨 ; 地震 ; 高寒 ; Heavy rainfall ; earthquake ; alpine permafrost

参与者

张建经；周永毅；闫世杰；牛家永

参与机构

青岛冠中生态股份有限公司

项目标书摘要：在对西南高山亚高山区长时间序列下的气象、边坡灾害统计分析的基础上，开展了3300km的现场考察，其中对边坡工程创面修复后的灾害、病害工点进行了勘察与试验，对不同致灾因子(强降雨、地震、高寒)作用下的无防护、生态防护、生态+工程防护三大类工程边坡的致灾机理以及对边坡工程创面的影响进行了归纳总结。对于复杂降雨模式引起的边坡破坏，研发了可编程的新型降雨模拟装置，研究了雨水冲刷影响因子及因子之间的相互作用，确定了影响因子排序，并基于目前边坡防护结构的产流特点，开发了环境友好型耐冲刷结构，验证了其坡面排水能力和防护耐久能力。对于冻融作用下的创面失稳，研发了开放补水型冻土切坡模型试验系统。为了研究冻融过程中的孔隙水迁移机理和土体损伤机理，研发了具备自适应调节功能的神经网络固态控温系统、超声波诱导成核系统和线阵CCD扫描成像系统，构建了新型冻融可视化试验装置和冻融临界状态试验装置，对冻融过程中土体内温度变化、水分补给、冻胀融沉变化、含水量变化进行实时监测。研制了一套可编程控制的单轴直接拉伸试验装置，并开展了根—土复合体的直接拉伸试验，揭示了不同根系含量下根—土复合体的抗拉强度变化规律以及拉裂破坏机制。研发了两种融合植物根系动态抗剪切力的耐震型支护结构，并提出了相应的设计施工方法。分析了植物根系动态抗剪切力对边坡系统耐震动性的贡献，在此基础上评价了该支护结构的地震稳定性。

Application Abstract: Based on the statistical analysis of meteorological and slope disasters in the long-term sequence of alpine and sub-high mountainous areas in Southwest China,a 3300km site survey was carried out,including surveys and tests on disasters and disease sites after the repair of the slope engineering wound.The disaster mechanism of three types of engineering slopes,namely,unprotected,ecological protection,and ecological+engineering protection under the action of different hazard factors(strong rainfall,earthquake,and alpine permafrost),and the impact on the slope engineering wound surface are summarized.For slope damage caused by complex rainfall patterns,a new programmable rainfall simulation device was developed to study the influence factors of rain erosion and the interaction between the factors,and the runoff generation based on the current slope protection structure Features,developed an environment-friendly scour-resistant structure,and verified its slope drainage capacity and protection durability.For wound instability caused by freezing and thawing,an open water-replenishing frozen soil cutting slope model test system has been developed.In order to study the mechanism of pore water migration and soil damage during the freezing and thawing process,a neural network solid-state temperature control system with adaptive adjustment function,an ultrasonic induced nucleation system and a linear CCD scanning imaging system were developed to construct a new type of freezing and thawing Visual test device and freeze-thaw critical state test device,real-time monitoring of changes in soil temperature,water replenishment,changes in frost heave and thawing settlement,and changes in water content during the freezing and thawing process.A set of programmable controllable uniaxial direct tensile test device was developed,and direct tensile test of the root-soil complex was carried out,revealing the change rule of the tensile strength and the tensile cracking of the root-soil complex with different root content.Destruction mechanism.Two earthquake-resistant supporting structures that integrate the dynamic shear resistance of plant roots have been developed,and corresponding design and construction methods have been proposed.The contribution of the dynamic shear resistance of plant roots to the vibration resistance of the slope system was analyzed,and the seismic stability of the supporting structure was evaluated on this basis.

项目受资助省

四川省