大型跨海桥梁的船撞风险评估、智能监控与安全防护研究

项目来源

国家自然科学基金(NSFC)

项目主持人

郭健

项目受资助机构

浙江工业大学

立项年度

2017

立项时间

未公开

项目编号

U1709207

项目级别

国家级

研究期限

未知 / 未知

受资助金额

200.00万元

学科

工程与材料科学-海洋工程

学科代码

E-E11

基金类别

联合基金项目-重点支持项目-NSFC-浙江两化融合联合基金

关键词

安全评定 ; 船撞桥 ; 防灾减灾 ; 智能监测 ; 大型海上桥梁 ; offshore Long-span-bridge ; intelligent monitoring ; safety assessment ; ship-bridge collision ; disaster prevention and reduction

参与者

欧进萍;盛伟国;金允龙;徐枫;周小龙;梅建萍;张海滨;赵钦;贺露露

参与机构

哈尔滨工业大学;上海船舶运输科学研究所

项目标书摘要:本项目针对大型跨海桥梁在复杂海域环境下船撞风险突出的特点和现有安全防护方法的不足,首先,基于典型桥区海域的航迹大数据分析,离析和揭示导致船撞桥危险的深层次因素,建立船舶偏航的二维风险模型,研究集成不同感知技术构建防船撞监测系统的方法;其次,基于多源异构数据融合,研究船舶动态识别的理论及船桥安全态势估计的方法,包括发展目标识别跟踪的智能算法,建立异常航行船舶的判断准则,预测船舶的运动状态;第三,研究失控船舶拦截控制及灾情演变分析的方法,包括创建动态拦截的优化算法,建立拦截过程的耦合数学模型,揭示船舶拦截的运动控制机理及演变规律;第四,结合试验分析,研究在船舶低速碰撞下的桥梁受损状态的评估方法,揭示梁和墩构件的动力反应特征及破损机理,建立构件的受损判定准则及评估方法。最后,通过研究成果的系统集成及应用融合,解决跨海大桥的防船撞难题。本项目将为保障大型海上工程的防船撞安全提供科学依据和技术支撑。

Application Abstract: For the prominent risk of ship collision with large-scale sea-crossing bridge in complex sea environment and the drawbacks of existing security protection methods,this project firstly aims to identify the deep factors,which lead to the ship bridge collision hazard,through big data analysis of ship navigation path on the sea in typical bridge area.Based on that,a 2D risk model of ship yawing will be established and the method of building a monitoring system on anti-ship collision by integrating different sensing techniques will be studied.Secondly,based on multi-source heterogeneous data fusion,ship dynamic identification theory and estimation method of ship bridge security situation will be considered,including the development of intelligent algorithm for target recognition and tracking and proposing the judgment criterion of abnormally navigated ship as well as predicting the movement variation of ship.Thirdly,the method of interception control on runaway ship and disaster evolution analysis will be investigated,involving the construction of optimization algorithm for dynamic interception,the establishment of a coupling mathematical model for intercepting process to reveal the motion control mechanism and evolution rule of ship intercept.Fourthly,combined with the experimental analysis,the evaluation method of the damaged state of the bridge under the collision with low-speed ship will be discussed,characteristics of the dynamic response and damage mechanism of beam and pier will be revealed and the judgment criterion as well as appraisal procedure of damaged components will be proposed.Finally,based on the system integration and application fusion of research results,the problem of anti-ship collision with sea-crossing bridge will be solved as well as the scientific basis and technical support for the protection of the collision safety of large-scale offshore projects will be provided.

项目受资助省

浙江省

项目结题报告(全文)

本项目以复杂海域环境下的大型跨海桥梁为工程背景,针对大型跨海桥梁在台风频发、浪流多变、航船密集桥区海域的船撞桥风险突出的问题和现有防灾能力的不足,从风险识别、智能监控和安全防护三个方面,系统开展了海域桥梁主动防船撞的理论方法与关键技术研究。在风险识别方面的研究中,通过现场实测和事故数据统计识别找到了海域船撞桥致灾因素的分布规律。获得了过桥船舶的航迹带宽度及其分布模型。建立了多层次模糊综合风险评价模型,计算出典型跨海桥梁的年船撞风险平均指标为4.22,提高了风险识别水平。基于概率论和船舶操纵理论建立了考虑多种风险源的船撞桥概率模型,并以海上长桥为例经过精确分析后,对比传统分析,采用该模型得到撞击风险是现有规范计算结果的近20多倍。在智能监测方面的研究中,针对海域复杂多变的环境,基于以Darknet网络为基础的Resized-YOLO算法,研发了一种海域船舶实时识别方法。构建了船舶深度特征矩阵,同时加入了最大池化层,并引入局部神经元的活动创建竞争机制,从而大大提高了检测的精度和效率,对海域船舶目标的识别准确率可达95%。基于计算机视觉定位算法、KCF算法、状态识别优化算法以及风险评估理论,提出了一种异常航态船舶识别方法,并研发了一套适用于跨海大桥的船撞桥预警系统软件。在安全防护方面的研究中,考虑了船—桥—海的动力演化过程和水位变化及冲刷效应,建立了船撞桥全尺度精细化数值模型,并设计完成了相对应的船撞桥模型试验,研究了构件整体和局部的线性及非线性力学行为演变机理,找到了桥受撞能量主要成分分布在0~62.5Hz范围的规律,撞击转移能量大部分耗散在桩基。提出建立了基于磁基弹性体的分级防护方法,研发了一种针对不同吨位船舶撞击的磁基弹性体防撞设施,并通过实验表明该防护装置可使桥墩受撞的最大应力减小80.9%。构建了船—桥—海一体化安全防护的方法,并已应用在宁波舟山港主通道跨海大桥中。

  • 排序方式:
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  • 1.跨海大桥实测风场特性分析

    • 关键词:
    • 海域环境;风场特性;健康监测;斜拉索
    • 朱绪江;郭健;畅卫杰;刘舟峰
    • 《2019世界交通运输大会》
    • 中国北京
    • 会议

    风场特性实测分析对于实际结构的振动分析具有重大意义,针对位于海域环境下的金塘大桥实测数据,采用统计和频谱分析的方法对桥址处风场参数及拉索风雨激振进行研究。研究结果表明:舟山海域的无量纲幂指数与强风作用下小于规范建议值,而顺风向湍流度大于规范值,桥址处顺风向和竖向脉动紊流功率谱与桥规所采取的风谱相比在低频处偏低,高频处偏高。主跨长索由于采用了螺旋线,表面凹坑以及阻尼器,拉索风雨激振得到有效控制,但仍需注意由于较高的紊流度而引起高阶涡激振动的几率增大。

    ...
  • 2.基于多源监测的杭州湾跨海大桥冲刷监测系统

    • 关键词:
    • 桥梁工程;冲刷深度;实时监测;跨海桥梁
    • 蒋兵;郭健;王金权;吴继熠;李最森;穆锦斌
    • 《中国公路学会养护与管理分会第十一届学术年会》
    • 中国江苏南京
    • 会议

    跨海桥梁基础局部冲刷问题严重,已成为大桥运营的潜在安全隐患。因此,准确监测桥梁桩基周围的冲刷深度在海洋工程中具有重要的意义。在现有的监测方法中,监测仪器受海域潮流地形复杂、悬沙浓度高、装置安装困难等因素影响,能够在海洋环境下开展桥梁冲刷实时监测的方法较少。本研究通过多个监测设备的相互偶联进行动态采集桩侧数据,形成多源桥梁局部冲刷实时感知监测系统,实现了冲刷界面、海床泥沙冲淤、潮汐实时变化的一体化监测。以杭州湾跨海大桥海中平台区域的ZD18号匝道桥墩为例,通过Flow-3d数值仿真技术,确定迎流侧桥梁桩基冲刷发展最大位置,利用研发的多源冲刷监测系统,实现了桥墩局部冲刷定点实时动态监测,该方法能够在恶劣的海洋环境中稳定正常工作,为跨海大桥管理及养护提供了参考价值。

    ...
  • 3.单向流及往复流作用下桩基局部冲刷研究

    • 关键词:
    • 群桩;局部冲刷;数值仿真;单向流;往复流
    • 翁博文;郭健;吴继熠
    • 《世界交通运输工程技术论坛(WTC2021)》
    • 中国陕西西安
    • 会议

    局部冲刷是导致桥梁水毁的主要原因,研究桥梁桩基在单向流及往复流作用下局部冲刷特征具有重要意义。本文将通用数值模拟方法的结果与Melville经典冲刷试验的结果进行了比较,以验证该方法的有效性。基于实测数据和有效的数值模拟方法,建立了一座实桥的群桩模型,对单向流和潮流作用下桩周流场和冲刷特性进行了对比分析。研究发现:(1)单向流条件下冲刷坑表现出前冲后淤,往复流作用下冲刷坑的前后区域均表现出冲刷,且冲刷坑的范围大于单向流。(2)往复流条件下最大冲刷深度较单向流缩减了20%~30%。

    ...
  • 4.Analysis of wind induced vibration of stayed cable of sea-crossing bridge based on monitoring data

    • 关键词:
    • Monitoring;Spectral density;Vibration analysis;Anemometers;Turbulence;Cables;Hurricanes;Wind speed;Buffeting;Cable stayed bridges;Acceleration sensors;Acceleration-time history;Different frequency;High frequency bands;Real-time health monitoring;Turbulence intensity;Wavelet multi-scale;Wind induced vibrations
    • Guo, J.;He, J.X.;Hu, C.J.;Wu, J.Y.
    • 《16th East Asian-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction, 2019》
    • 2021年
    • December 3, 2019 - December 6, 2019
    • Brisbane, QLD, Australia
    • 会议

    Based on the real-time health monitoring system, the wind field changes and cable vibration at Jintang Bridge site were continuously observed by using a three-dimensional supersonic anemometer, propeller anemometers, and acceleration sensors on cable. The work presented in this paper focuses on the characteristics of wind speed and wind direction, turbulence intensity and power spectral density of fluctuating wind during typhoon Canhong are analyzed. In addition, the acceleration time history data are decomposed and recomposed in different frequency bands based on wavelet multi-scale analysis, and the characteristics of wind field variation and frequency band distribution of wind-induced cable vibration energy are obtained. The results show that there is a strong correlation between turbulence intensity along wind direction and across wind direction. The root mean square acceleration of cables during typhoon landfall is more than 5 times of normal, and vibration energy is mainly distributed in high frequency band. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.

    ...
  • 5.基于多源监测的杭州湾跨海大桥冲刷监测系统

    • 关键词:
    • 桥梁工程;冲刷深度;实时监测;跨海桥梁
    • 蒋兵;郭健;王金权;吴继熠;李最森;穆锦斌
    • 《中国公路学会养护与管理分会第十一届学术年会》
    • 中国江苏南京
    • 会议

    跨海桥梁基础局部冲刷问题严重,已成为大桥运营的潜在安全隐患。因此,准确监测桥梁桩基周围的冲刷深度在海洋工程中具有重要的意义。在现有的监测方法中,监测仪器受海域潮流地形复杂、悬沙浓度高、装置安装困难等因素影响,能够在海洋环境下开展桥梁冲刷实时监测的方法较少。本研究通过多个监测设备的相互偶联进行动态采集桩侧数据,形成多源桥梁局部冲刷实时感知监测系统,实现了冲刷界面、海床泥沙冲淤、潮汐实时变化的一体化监测。以杭州湾跨海大桥海中平台区域的ZD18号匝道桥墩为例,通过Flow-3d数值仿真技术,确定迎流侧桥梁桩基冲刷发展最大位置,利用研发的多源冲刷监测系统,实现了桥墩局部冲刷定点实时动态监测,该方法能够在恶劣的海洋环境中稳定正常工作,为跨海大桥管理及养护提供了参考价值。

    ...
  • 6.Analysis of wind induced vibration of stayed cable of sea-crossing bridge based on monitoring data

    • 关键词:
    • Monitoring;Spectral density;Vibration analysis;Anemometers;Turbulence;Cables;Hurricanes;Wind speed;Buffeting;Cable stayed bridges;Acceleration sensors;Acceleration-time history;Different frequency;High frequency bands;Real-time health monitoring;Turbulence intensity;Wavelet multi-scale;Wind induced vibrations
    • Guo, J.;He, J.X.;Hu, C.J.;Wu, J.Y.
    • 《16th East Asian-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction, 2019》
    • 2021年
    • December 3, 2019 - December 6, 2019
    • Brisbane, QLD, Australia
    • 会议

    Based on the real-time health monitoring system, the wind field changes and cable vibration at Jintang Bridge site were continuously observed by using a three-dimensional supersonic anemometer, propeller anemometers, and acceleration sensors on cable. The work presented in this paper focuses on the characteristics of wind speed and wind direction, turbulence intensity and power spectral density of fluctuating wind during typhoon Canhong are analyzed. In addition, the acceleration time history data are decomposed and recomposed in different frequency bands based on wavelet multi-scale analysis, and the characteristics of wind field variation and frequency band distribution of wind-induced cable vibration energy are obtained. The results show that there is a strong correlation between turbulence intensity along wind direction and across wind direction. The root mean square acceleration of cables during typhoon landfall is more than 5 times of normal, and vibration energy is mainly distributed in high frequency band.
    © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.

    ...
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